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Mendel's Genetic Experiments with Garden Peas

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Mendel's Genetic Experiments with Garden Peas

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Questions and Answers

What is the significance of Mendel's Law of Segregation in genetics?

It showcases the ratio of dominant to recessive traits in F2 generation.

It determines the probability of genetic traits in offspring.

It explains how alleles segregate during gamete formation. (correct)

It predicts the dominance of certain genes over others.

Why did Mendel focus on the F2 generation to determine the ratio of dominant to recessive traits?

It was in the F2 generation that recessive traits were more prevalent.

The F2 generation allowed for easier observation of genetic traits.

The F2 generation had a higher number of offspring for statistical accuracy. (correct)

The F2 generation had a more diverse genetic makeup for analysis.

What distinguishes a heterozygous organism from a homozygous organism?

Heterozygous organisms have a higher probability of expressing recessive traits.

Heterozygous organisms have two different gene copies, while homozygous organisms have two identical gene copies. (correct)

Heterozygous organisms have similar gene copies, while homozygous organisms have different gene copies.

Heterozygous organisms have two identical gene copies, while homozygous organisms have two different gene copies.

What made Mendel's study with garden peas stand out compared to his initial work with mice and honeybees?

Garden peas allowed for controlled crosses and clear trait observations. Signup and view all the answers

In Mendel's experiments, what did the term 'recessive' signify?

Traits that are hidden in the F1 generation but reappear in the F2 generation. Signup and view all the answers

What fundamental concept in genetics does Mendel's choice of garden peas as an experimental organism demonstrate?

The significance of controlled experiments in studying inheritance. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the semiconservative mechanism of DNA replication?

It ensures the exact duplication of genetic material in cells. Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for mediating DNA replication?

RNA polymerase Signup and view all the answers

How does gene editing differ from gene cloning?

Gene editing alters specific genes within an organism, whereas gene cloning inserts foreign DNA into a host. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of plasmids in recombinant DNA technology?

Serving as carriers for foreign DNA fragments Signup and view all the answers

What experimental evidence supported the existence of complementary base pairing in DNA?

Research by Watson and Crick in understanding Chargaff's rule Signup and view all the answers

Which discovery provided a physical representation for genes and facilitated further genetic studies?

Watson and Crick's elucidation of DNA structure Signup and view all the answers