Podcast
Questions and Answers
In pea plants, if purple flower color (P) is dominant and white (p) is recessive, what genotypes would result in a purple flower phenotype?
In pea plants, if purple flower color (P) is dominant and white (p) is recessive, what genotypes would result in a purple flower phenotype?
- Pp only
- PP and Pp (correct)
- PP only
- pp only
What does the Law of Segregation state regarding allele separation during gamete formation?
What does the Law of Segregation state regarding allele separation during gamete formation?
- Gametes receive two copies of each allele.
- Each gamete receives one copy of each allele. (correct)
- Alleles remain together during gamete formation.
- Alleles are distributed randomly to offspring, regardless of gamete formation.
When constructing a Punnett square for a cross between two pea plants with the genotype Pp, what alleles should be placed outside the square to represent the possible gametes?
When constructing a Punnett square for a cross between two pea plants with the genotype Pp, what alleles should be placed outside the square to represent the possible gametes?
- P and p (correct)
- Pp
- P only
- p only
If two pea plants with the genotype Pp are crossed, what is the probability of producing offspring with the genotype pp?
If two pea plants with the genotype Pp are crossed, what is the probability of producing offspring with the genotype pp?
In a scenario where a purple-flowered pea plant (Pp) is crossed with a white-flowered pea plant (pp), what percentage of the offspring would you expect to have white flowers?
In a scenario where a purple-flowered pea plant (Pp) is crossed with a white-flowered pea plant (pp), what percentage of the offspring would you expect to have white flowers?
Why is it possible for two purple-flowered pea plants to produce white-flowered offspring?
Why is it possible for two purple-flowered pea plants to produce white-flowered offspring?
How does meiosis contribute to the Law of Segregation?
How does meiosis contribute to the Law of Segregation?
Prior to Gregor Mendel's work, what was the widely accepted explanation for how traits were inherited from parents to offspring?
Prior to Gregor Mendel's work, what was the widely accepted explanation for how traits were inherited from parents to offspring?
Why were pea plants an advantageous choice for Gregor Mendel's heredity experiments?
Why were pea plants an advantageous choice for Gregor Mendel's heredity experiments?
In the context of genetics, what is the relationship between genes and alleles as described in the content?
In the context of genetics, what is the relationship between genes and alleles as described in the content?
In Mendel's initial experiment, when he crossed a purple flowered pea plant with a white flowered pea plant, all offspring had purple flowers. How did this result challenge the blending inheritance theory?
In Mendel's initial experiment, when he crossed a purple flowered pea plant with a white flowered pea plant, all offspring had purple flowers. How did this result challenge the blending inheritance theory?
According to the provided content, what is the primary function of a gene within a cell?
According to the provided content, what is the primary function of a gene within a cell?
If a pea plant has genes that determine flower color, what do different alleles for this gene specify?
If a pea plant has genes that determine flower color, what do different alleles for this gene specify?
Based on the information, how many alleles for flower color does each pea plant inherit?
Based on the information, how many alleles for flower color does each pea plant inherit?
In Mendel's experiment, when purple flowered offspring were crossed, white flowered plants reappeared in the next generation. What does this observation suggest about the allele for white flowers?
In Mendel's experiment, when purple flowered offspring were crossed, white flowered plants reappeared in the next generation. What does this observation suggest about the allele for white flowers?
Flashcards
Heredity
Heredity
The passing of traits from parents to offspring.
Gregor Mendel
Gregor Mendel
An Austrian monk and scientist who experimented with pea plants and discovered laws of heredity.
Alleles
Alleles
Different forms of a gene that determine a specific trait.
Gene
Gene
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Two Alleles
Two Alleles
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Mendel's flower experiment
Mendel's flower experiment
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Genes
Genes
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Alleles
Alleles
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Dominant Allele
Dominant Allele
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Recessive Allele
Recessive Allele
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Gametes
Gametes
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Law of Segregation
Law of Segregation
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Punnett Square
Punnett Square
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Phenotype
Phenotype
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Study Notes
- The understanding of heredity was once based on the idea that traits from parents blended together in offspring.
Gregor Mendel's Experiments
- Gregor Mendel, an Austrian monk and scientist, studied heredity using pea plants in the mid-1800s.
- Pea plants have diverse traits like purple or white flowers, and green or yellow seeds.
- Mendel's research led to the discovery of the Law of Segregation, also known as Mendel's First Law.
Alleles and Genes
- Mendel crossed a purple flowered pea plant with a white flowered pea plant.
- Initially, all offspring had purple flowers, then the next generation had both purple and white flowers.
- Traits are determined by alleles, which are different forms of a gene.
- DNA contains genes with instructions for making proteins that determine traits
- Alleles dictate specific traits, such as flower color.
Dominance and Recessive
- Each pea plant carries two alleles for flower color, one from each parent.
- Alleles are represented by letters: uppercase (P) for purple and lowercase (p) for white.
- PP results in a purple flower.
- Pp results in a purple flower.
- pp results in a white flower.
- The purple allele is dominant, masking the white allele when present.
- White flowers are recessive, only appearing when both alleles are (pp).
- Plants with Pp alleles are purple but still carry the white flower trait.
Law of Segregation
- Gametes (eggs and sperm) are produced during meiosis, which halves the genetic information.
- Each gamete receives only one copy of each allele during meiosis.
- A pea plant with Pp alleles will produce gametes with either P or p.
Application
- Two purple flowered pea plants (Pp) can produce a white flowered plant.
- A Punnett Square can be used to predict the genetic makeup of offspring.
- Drawing a box with four squares is the first step to using a Punnett Square.
- Segregating the alleles from each parent is the second step.
- Filling in the boxes with the combinations of alleles is the third step.
- Results from a Punnett Square using two Pp plants:
- 25% chance of PP (purple).
- 50% chance of Pp (purple, carries white allele).
- 25% chance of pp (white).
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Description
Explore Gregor Mendel's pea plant experiments and his groundbreaking work on heredity, alleles, and genes. Learn about the Law of Segregation and how traits are passed down through generations. Understand the concepts of dominant and recessive alleles.
