Podcast
Questions and Answers
What did Wagenaar (1986) include when recording his diary?
What did Wagenaar (1986) include when recording his diary?
Both events and cues.
According to Gluck and Bluck (2007), which type of memories are more frequently reported?
According to Gluck and Bluck (2007), which type of memories are more frequently reported?
- Negative
- Positive (correct)
- Neutral
In Rubin, Groth, and Goldsmith's (1984) study, smell-cued memories were reported at older ages compared to word-cued memories.
In Rubin, Groth, and Goldsmith's (1984) study, smell-cued memories were reported at older ages compared to word-cued memories.
False (B)
What did Berntsen and Thomsen (2005) research?
What did Berntsen and Thomsen (2005) research?
What did Neisser and Harsch (1992) research?
What did Neisser and Harsch (1992) research?
Talarico and Rubin (2003) found that flashbulb memories are forgotten more quickly than everyday memories.
Talarico and Rubin (2003) found that flashbulb memories are forgotten more quickly than everyday memories.
What did Berntsen (1996) do in his study?
What did Berntsen (1996) do in his study?
What was the focus of Walker, Vogl, and Thompson's (1997) study?
What was the focus of Walker, Vogl, and Thompson's (1997) study?
Conway, Wang, Hanyu, and Haque (2005) determined that the reminiscence bump is not a universal phenomenon.
Conway, Wang, Hanyu, and Haque (2005) determined that the reminiscence bump is not a universal phenomenon.
List the two main points of Storm and Jobe's (2012) research.
List the two main points of Storm and Jobe's (2012) research.
According to Lindholm and Christianson (1998), what is the term for the tendency to choose information that confirms a previously held belief?
According to Lindholm and Christianson (1998), what is the term for the tendency to choose information that confirms a previously held belief?
What specific detail about the 'schemas abt crimes' study, conducted by Lindsay, Allen, Chan, and Dahl (2004) suggests that people may have a hard time reliably remembering information?
What specific detail about the 'schemas abt crimes' study, conducted by Lindsay, Allen, Chan, and Dahl (2004) suggests that people may have a hard time reliably remembering information?
What is the common finding between Biggs, Brockmole, and Witt's (2013) study and Bruce et al.'s (1999) research?
What is the common finding between Biggs, Brockmole, and Witt's (2013) study and Bruce et al.'s (1999) research?
What surprising finding did Davis, Loftus, Vanous, and Cucciare (2008) discover regarding the impact of unconscious transference?
What surprising finding did Davis, Loftus, Vanous, and Cucciare (2008) discover regarding the impact of unconscious transference?
What was the main conclusion from Wilson, Seale-Carlisle and Mickes' (2018) study on verbal overshadowing?
What was the main conclusion from Wilson, Seale-Carlisle and Mickes' (2018) study on verbal overshadowing?
What technique did Gabbert, Hope, Fisher, and Jamieson (2012) utilize to explore the misinformation effect?
What technique did Gabbert, Hope, Fisher, and Jamieson (2012) utilize to explore the misinformation effect?
What is a major strength of cognitive interviewing, as emphasized by Geiselman, Fisher, Mackinnon, and Holland (1985)?
What is a major strength of cognitive interviewing, as emphasized by Geiselman, Fisher, Mackinnon, and Holland (1985)?
What did Jones, Dwyer, and Lewis (2017) research regarding the use of visual information in memory creation and recall?
What did Jones, Dwyer, and Lewis (2017) research regarding the use of visual information in memory creation and recall?
Charman, Wells, and Joy (2011) concluded that the 'Dud Effect' is a significant factor in minimizing eyewitness errors, even when using diverse lineups.
Charman, Wells, and Joy (2011) concluded that the 'Dud Effect' is a significant factor in minimizing eyewitness errors, even when using diverse lineups.
The impact of the 'Flynn effect' is attributed solely to advancements in technology and the use of digital media.
The impact of the 'Flynn effect' is attributed solely to advancements in technology and the use of digital media.
What is the difference between STM (Short-Term Memory) and WM (Working Memory) that Bopp and Verhaeghen (2005) highlighted?
What is the difference between STM (Short-Term Memory) and WM (Working Memory) that Bopp and Verhaeghen (2005) highlighted?
According to Riby, Perfect, and Stollery (2004), what type of tasks do older adults demonstrate greater difficulty performing?
According to Riby, Perfect, and Stollery (2004), what type of tasks do older adults demonstrate greater difficulty performing?
What is the distinction between the recall and recognition tasks used in Craik and McDowd's (1987) research on word pairings?
What is the distinction between the recall and recognition tasks used in Craik and McDowd's (1987) research on word pairings?
What is the key premise behind Castel, Benjamin, Craik, and Watkins' (2002) research on value-directed remembering?
What is the key premise behind Castel, Benjamin, Craik, and Watkins' (2002) research on value-directed remembering?
According to Castel (2005), how do schemas play a role in memory?
According to Castel (2005), how do schemas play a role in memory?
What is the main difficulty for older adults when it comes to name-face recognition, as observed by Naveh-Benjamin, Guez, and Shulman (2004)?
What is the main difficulty for older adults when it comes to name-face recognition, as observed by Naveh-Benjamin, Guez, and Shulman (2004)?
In the context of Rahhal, May, and Hasher's (2002) study, which type of information are older adults better at recalling when the source is meaningful?
In the context of Rahhal, May, and Hasher's (2002) study, which type of information are older adults better at recalling when the source is meaningful?
Colcombe and Kramer (2003) discovered that incorporating a strength and aerobic exercise program has no impact on cognitive functions in older adults.
Colcombe and Kramer (2003) discovered that incorporating a strength and aerobic exercise program has no impact on cognitive functions in older adults.
Rahhal, Hasher, and Colcombe's (2001) study revealed no major differences in memory performance based on instruction type (memory emphasis vs neutral) between older and younger adults.
Rahhal, Hasher, and Colcombe's (2001) study revealed no major differences in memory performance based on instruction type (memory emphasis vs neutral) between older and younger adults.
Saxton et al. (2001) established that while speed of comprehension declines with age, the ability to quickly identify specific words remains unaffected.
Saxton et al. (2001) established that while speed of comprehension declines with age, the ability to quickly identify specific words remains unaffected.
According to Klooster, Tranel, and Duff (2020), which group consistently performed best on semantic memory tasks?
According to Klooster, Tranel, and Duff (2020), which group consistently performed best on semantic memory tasks?
May, Hasher, and Foong's (2006) research focused on the impact of which biological factor on memory performance?
May, Hasher, and Foong's (2006) research focused on the impact of which biological factor on memory performance?
What did Beatty et al. (1987) find regarding the relationship between hypoxia, retrograde amnesia, and episodic and semantic memory?
What did Beatty et al. (1987) find regarding the relationship between hypoxia, retrograde amnesia, and episodic and semantic memory?
What distinguishes autobiographical memories from semantic memories, according to Kopelman, Wilson, and Baddeley (1990)?
What distinguishes autobiographical memories from semantic memories, according to Kopelman, Wilson, and Baddeley (1990)?
Graf, Squire, and Mandler's (1984) study examined the performance of individuals with amnesia on shallow and deep tasks. What was the significant finding?
Graf, Squire, and Mandler's (1984) study examined the performance of individuals with amnesia on shallow and deep tasks. What was the significant finding?
Cohen and Squire (1980) discovered that individuals with amnesia consistently demonstrated a significant lack of memory for individual recall items.
Cohen and Squire (1980) discovered that individuals with amnesia consistently demonstrated a significant lack of memory for individual recall items.
Yarnell and Lynch's (1970) study on the memory of dazed football players revealed that they consistently demonstrated a strong capacity to recall events that occurred up to 20 minutes prior to becoming dazed.
Yarnell and Lynch's (1970) study on the memory of dazed football players revealed that they consistently demonstrated a strong capacity to recall events that occurred up to 20 minutes prior to becoming dazed.
Konkel, Warren, Duff, Tranel, and Cohen's (2008) exploration of episodic memory deficits in individuals with amnesia discovered that their performance on item memory tasks far exceeded their performance in spatial, associate, and sequential memory tasks.
Konkel, Warren, Duff, Tranel, and Cohen's (2008) exploration of episodic memory deficits in individuals with amnesia discovered that their performance on item memory tasks far exceeded their performance in spatial, associate, and sequential memory tasks.
What was Corkin's (1968) primary research finding with regard to patient HM and procedural memory?
What was Corkin's (1968) primary research finding with regard to patient HM and procedural memory?
Wilson and Baddeley (1988) discovered that individuals with meningitis generally experienced significant impairments in both semantic and procedural memory.
Wilson and Baddeley (1988) discovered that individuals with meningitis generally experienced significant impairments in both semantic and procedural memory.
In Kopelman's (1985) research, adults with Alzheimer's or Korsakoff's syndrome demonstrated a significantly faster rate of forgetting information compared to control participants.
In Kopelman's (1985) research, adults with Alzheimer's or Korsakoff's syndrome demonstrated a significantly faster rate of forgetting information compared to control participants.
Baddeley et al.'s (1986) study on Working Memory (WM) demonstrated a marked difference in the memory performance of younger, older, and individuals with Alzheimer's disease when performing dual-task conditions.
Baddeley et al.'s (1986) study on Working Memory (WM) demonstrated a marked difference in the memory performance of younger, older, and individuals with Alzheimer's disease when performing dual-task conditions.
What is a key advantage of using a dual-task condition in research regarding cognitive aging?
What is a key advantage of using a dual-task condition in research regarding cognitive aging?
Flashcards
Wagenaar (1986) study
Wagenaar (1986) study
A study that investigated the role of cues in memory retrieval. Participants kept a diary for six years, recording events with cues like who, what, when, and where.
Gluck and Bluck (2007) study
Gluck and Bluck (2007) study
This study examined life memories, focusing on emotional valence (positive/negative), personal importance, and control over events.
Rubin, Groth, and Goldsmith (1984) study
Rubin, Groth, and Goldsmith (1984) study
Research exploring the effectiveness of different memory cues, especially smells. Participants recalled memories based on smells.
Berntsen and Thomsen (2005) study
Berntsen and Thomsen (2005) study
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Neisser and Harsch (1992) study
Neisser and Harsch (1992) study
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Talarico and Rubin (2003) study
Talarico and Rubin (2003) study
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Berntsen (1996) study
Berntsen (1996) study
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Walker, Vogl, and Thompson (1997) study
Walker, Vogl, and Thompson (1997) study
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Conway et al. (2005)
Conway et al. (2005)
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Storm and Jobe (2012) study
Storm and Jobe (2012) study
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Lindholm & Christianson (1998)
Lindholm & Christianson (1998)
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Tuckey & Brewer (2003)
Tuckey & Brewer (2003)
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Lindsay et al. (2004)
Lindsay et al. (2004)
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Geiselman et al. (1985)
Geiselman et al. (1985)
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Gabbert et al. (2012)
Gabbert et al. (2012)
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Charman et al. (2011)
Charman et al. (2011)
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Wells et al. (2015)
Wells et al. (2015)
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Park & Reuter-Lorenz (2009)
Park & Reuter-Lorenz (2009)
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Bopp & Verhaeghen (2005)
Bopp & Verhaeghen (2005)
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Craik & McDowd (1987)
Craik & McDowd (1987)
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Castel et al. (2002)
Castel et al. (2002)
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Study Notes
Memory Studies
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Wagenaar (1986): Collected diary data for six years, showing better memory recall with more cues (who, what, when, where). "Who, what, and where" cues were more effective than just "when" cues.
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Gluck and Bluck (2007): Used memory probe method on 650 participants, finding positive memories recalled more readily than negative or neutral memories, with easier recall from specific life periods.
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Rubin, Groth, and Goldsmith (1984): Demonstrated that cues like smells can trigger memories, recalled at earlier ages and more emotionally charged compared to word-based cues.
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Berntsen and Thomsen (2005): Studied WWII memories in Denmark, showing that memories involving social/emotional involvement (like resistance) led to more accurate flashbulb memories.
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Neisser and Harsch (1992): Challenger disaster flashbulb memory study, revealing that these memories are not as accurate as people believe, even though they are often felt as highly confident and vivid. Confidence ratings were high despite inaccuracies.
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Talarico and Rubin (2003): Investigated 9/11 and everyday memories, finding no significant difference in forgetting rates for flashbulb and regular memories; the perceived difference lies in the "vividness" and feeling of permanence.
Additional Memory Studies
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Berntsen (1996): Emotional valence of involuntary memories; positive/neutral more recalled than negative.
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Walker, Vogl, and Thompson (1997): Track emotional intensity decline of memories over time. Found more significant drop for negative memories, supporting the idea that emotional intensity is a critical factor.
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Conway, et al. (2005): Looked at reminiscence bump (ages of highest memory recall), finding it's a universal phenomenon across cultures despite cultural differences in content.
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Storm and Jobe (2012): Explored positive bias and negative memory retrieval difficulty.
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Lindholm and Christianson (1998): Confirmation bias in eyewitness accounts when viewing a crime/video and picking perpetrators.
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Lindsay, et al. (2004): Misinformation effect and source monitoring errors.
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Biggs, et al. (2013): Focus on weapon-related memory biases in eyewitness accounts of events.
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Bruce et al. (1999): Face recognition across different viewpoints and duration of videos. Watching longer videos didn't necessarily improve recognition.
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Davis, et al. (2008): Unconscious transference in eyewitness accounts.
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Wilson, Seale-Carlisle, and Mickes (2018): Verbal overshadowing in recall, immediate recall vs delayed.
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Gabbert, et al. (2012): Misinformation effect on memory recall; immediate recall vs. delayed recall.
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Geiselman, et al. (1985): Cognitive interviewing techniques and their effect on memory recall.
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Jones, et al. (2017): Video/image manipulation improves accuracy of event recognition
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Charman, Wells, and Joy (2011): Simultaneous vs. Sequential line-ups for eyewitnesses and recall performance.
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Wells, Steblay, and Dysart (2015): Effect of eyewitness lineup types on identifying innocent individuals, simultaneous vs sequential lineups.
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Wixted et al. (2016): Real-world crimes eyewitness accounts; effect of lineup type (simultaneous or sequential) on witness confidence and accuracy.
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Park and Reuter-Lorenz (2009): Speed processing vs. aging and Cognitive performance over lifespan
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Ronnlund and Nilsson (2009): Aging effects on memory
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Castel (2005): Influence of schemas on memory, realism of memory retrieval.
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Naveh-Benjamin, Guez, and Shulman (2004): Name-face recognition difficulty in older adults.
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Rahhal, May, and Hasher (2002): Performance of verbal memory in older adults in name-recognition tasks.
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Colcombe and Kramer (2003): Exercise and cognitive improvement in older adults
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Rahhal, Hasher, & Colcombe (2001): Stereotypes about aging influence cognition.
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Saxston et al. (2001): Comprehension speed/memory tasks compared to tasks like "spot the word".
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Klooster, Tranel, and Duff (2020): Amnesia studies and memory over time.
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May, Hasher, and Foong (2006): Circadian rhythms, memory, and time of day effect on explicit/implicit memory task performance.
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Beatty et al. (1987): Patient MRL's study and retrograde amnesia.
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Kopelman (1985): Memory impairment in conditions like Alzheimer's, Korsakoff.
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Baddeley et al. (1986): Working memory tasks in different age groups, amnesia
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Graf, Squire, and Mandler (1984): Memory processes and impairments in amnesia group (procedural & episodic memory)
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Cohen and Squire (1980): Learning mirror-writing and the effects of amnesia on motor skill memory
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Yarnell and Lynch (1970): Football player's memory study.
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Konkel, Warren, Duff, Tranel, and Cohen (2008): Episodic memory study on cognitive tasks; item, spatial, and sequential memory deficits.
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Corkin (1968): Procedural memory in patient HM, compared to control group.
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Wilson and Baddeley (1988): Task performance of patient HM on rotary pursuit tasks compared to controls.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key memory studies and the factors that enhance or hinder memory recall. This quiz covers influential research from Wagenaar, Gluck, Rubin, and others, exploring the effects of cues and emotional involvement on memory accuracy.
