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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of a script in the context of Long-Term Memory (LTM) models?
What is the primary purpose of a script in the context of Long-Term Memory (LTM) models?
- To provide a model of stereotypical information required to interpret a situation (correct)
- To establish type-subtype relationships between different breeds of dogs
- To store instance-based information about specific dogs
- To define the fixed and default attributes of a dog
What is the relationship between the 'DOG' and 'COLLIE' data structures?
What is the relationship between the 'DOG' and 'COLLIE' data structures?
- DOG and COLLIE are unrelated data structures
- COLLIE is a subtype of DOG (correct)
- COLLIE is an instance of DOG
- DOG is a subtype of COLLIE
What is the primary function of slots in a data structure?
What is the primary function of slots in a data structure?
- To establish relationships between different data structures
- To define the fixed and default attributes of a data structure
- To provide a model of stereotypical information
- To instantiate values for a specific instance of a data structure (correct)
What is the 'sound' attribute of the 'DOG' data structure instantiated with?
What is the 'sound' attribute of the 'DOG' data structure instantiated with?
What is the purpose of the 'entry conditions' element in a script?
What is the purpose of the 'entry conditions' element in a script?
What is the 'Result' of the 'Script for a visit to the vet'?
What is the 'Result' of the 'Script for a visit to the vet'?
What is the 'Roles' element in the 'Script for a visit to the vet'?
What is the 'Roles' element in the 'Script for a visit to the vet'?
What is the 'Props' element in the 'Script for a visit to the vet'?
What is the 'Props' element in the 'Script for a visit to the vet'?
What is the primary function of sensory memory?
What is the primary function of sensory memory?
What is the approximate capacity of short-term memory?
What is the approximate capacity of short-term memory?
What is the duration of rapid access in short-term memory?
What is the duration of rapid access in short-term memory?
What is the primary function of long-term memory?
What is the primary function of long-term memory?
What is the duration of slow access in long-term memory?
What is the duration of slow access in long-term memory?
What type of long-term memory stores serial memory of events?
What type of long-term memory stores serial memory of events?
What is the model used to represent semantic memory structure?
What is the model used to represent semantic memory structure?
What is the primary function of semantic networks in long-term memory?
What is the primary function of semantic networks in long-term memory?
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Study Notes
Memory
- Three types of memory functions: sensory memories, short-term memory or working memory, and long-term memory.
- Selection of stimuli governed by level of arousal.
Sensory Memory
- Buffers for stimuli received through senses.
- Three types: iconic memory (visual stimuli), echoic memory (aural stimuli), and haptic memory (tactile stimuli).
- Examples: sparkler trail, stereo sound.
- Continuously overwritten.
Short-term Memory (STM)
- Scratch-pad for temporary recall.
- Characteristics:
- Rapid access (~70ms).
- Rapid decay (~200ms).
- Limited capacity (7±2 chunks).
- Examples: phone numbers, random sequences.
Long-term Memory (LTM)
- Repository for all our knowledge.
- Characteristics:
- Slow access (~1/10 second).
- Slow decay, if any.
- Huge or unlimited capacity.
- Two types:
- Episodic memory: serial memory of events.
- Semantic memory: structured memory of facts, concepts, skills.
- Semantic LTM derived from episodic LTM.
Semantic Memory Structure
- Provides access to information.
- Represents relationships between bits of information.
- Supports inference through inheritance.
- Model: semantic network.
Models of LTM
- Semantic Network:
- Inheritance: child nodes inherit properties of parent nodes.
- Relationships between bits of information explicit.
- Supports inference through inheritance.
- Frames:
- Information organized in data structures.
- Slots in structure instantiated with values for instance of data.
- Type–subtype relationships (e.g., DOG-COLLIE).
- Scripts:
- Model of stereotypical information required to interpret situation.
- Script has elements that can be instantiated with values for context (e.g., script for a visit to the vet).
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