Memory and Memory Loss

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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of Alzheimer's disease?

Progressive memory loss and dementia in older adults (correct)

Enhanced retrieval of memories that were previously forgotten

Ability to remember events that occur after a traumatic event

Severe loss of explicit memory

What is the term for the inability to remember events that occur after a traumatic event?

Episodic memory

Retrograde amnesia

Hypermnesia

Anterograde amnesia (correct)

What is the function of the central executive in working memory?

To integrate information from different sensory registers

To store information in the form of icons

To allocate attention between multiple tasks (correct)

To retrieve memories from long-term memory

What is the role of the episodic buffer in working memory?

To integrate information from different sources Signup and view all the answers

What type of memory stores personally experienced events or episodes?

Episodic memory Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of producing retrieval of memories that would seem to have been forgotten?

Hypermnesia Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the discrete visual sensory register that holds information for very short periods?

Iconic store Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for concepts that are not directly measurable or observable but serve as mental models for understanding psychological phenomena?

Hypothetical constructs Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of transforming sensory data into a form of mental representation?

Encoding Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inability to recall events that happened when we were very young?

Infantile Amnesia Signup and view all the answers

According to the levels-of-processing (LOP) framework, what is the nature of memory?

Memory varies along a continuous dimension in terms of depth of encoding Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the phonological loop?

To store verbal information for verbal comprehension and acoustic rehearsal Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for someone who demonstrates extraordinarily keen memory ability?

Mnemonist Signup and view all the answers

What is the phenomenon where we can remember fewer longer words compared with shorter words?

Word Length Effect Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of keeping encoded information in memory?

Storage Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the type of memory where we use information from memory but are not consciously aware that we are doing so?

Implicit Memory Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Memory

Memory refers to the dynamic mechanisms associated with storing, retaining, and retrieving information from past experiences to use in the present.
There are three common operations of memory: encoding, storage, and retrieval.
Encoding involves transforming sensory data into a form of mental representation.
Storage involves keeping encoded information in memory.
Retrieval involves pulling out or using information stored in memory.

Types of Memory

Explicit memory: involves conscious recollection, e.g., episodic memory.
Implicit memory: uses information from memory without conscious awareness, e.g., habits.
Episodic memory: stores personally experienced events or episodes.
Long-term store: capable of very large capacity and storing information for long periods, perhaps indefinitely.

Memory Disorders

Alzheimer's disease: causes dementia and progressive memory loss in older adults.
Amnesia: severe loss of explicit memory.
Anterograde amnesia: inability to remember events that occur after a traumatic event.
Infantile amnesia: inability to recall events that occurred during early childhood.

Memory Models

Levels-of-Processing (LOP) framework: suggests that memory varies along a continuous dimension in terms of depth of encoding.
Phonological loop: briefly stores mainly verbal information for verbal comprehension and acoustic rehearsal.
Episodic buffer: integrates information from working memory, long-term memory, visuospatial sketchpad, and phonological loop, allowing problem-solving and reevaluation of past experiences.

Memory Enhancement

Hypermnesia: process of producing retrieval of memories that seemed forgotten, also referred to as "unforgetting".
Mnemonist: someone who demonstrates extraordinary memory ability, often using special techniques for memory enhancement.

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Description

This quiz covers various aspects of memory, including Alzheimer's disease, amnesia, and working memory. Learn about different types of memory loss and how they affect individuals.