55 Questions
What is the process of passive transport of molecules or ions across a cell membrane via specific transmembrane proteins?
Facilitated diffusion
What is the tendency for molecules to spread out evenly into the available space called?
Diffusion
What is the ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water called?
Tonicity
What is the control of water balance called?
Osmoregulation
What is the movement of bio-chemicals from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration without the requirement of energy called?
Passive transport
What is the movement of bio-chemicals from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration and therefore requires energy called?
Active transport
What is the difference in concentration of a substance from one area to another called?
Concentration gradient
What is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane called?
Osmosis
What is the process of passive transport of molecules or ions across a cell membrane via specific transmembrane proteins called?
Facilitated diffusion
What is the ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water called?
Tonicity
What is the control of water balance called?
Osmoregulation
What is the movement of bio-chemicals from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration without the requirement of energy called?
Passive transport
What is the plasma membrane boundary that separates the living cell from its surroundings called?
Cell membrane
What does the fluid mosaic model state about the membrane structure?
A membrane is a fluid structure with a mosaic of various macromolecules embedded in it
Who proposed that the membrane is a mosaic of proteins dispersed within the bilayer?
J. Singer and G. Nicolson
What is the boundary that separates the living cell from its surroundings called?
Plasma membrane
What is the structure of the plasma membrane according to the fluid mosaic model?
A fluid structure with a mosaic of various macromolecules embedded in it
Who proposed the fluid mosaic model of the membrane structure?
J. Singer and G. Nicolson
What is the selective permeability of the plasma membrane responsible for?
Allowing some substances to cross it more easily than others
What is the structure of the plasma membrane according to the fluid mosaic model?
A fluid structure with a mosaic of various macromolecules embedded in it
What do phospholipids in the plasma membrane contain?
Hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions
What did J. Singer and G. Nicolson propose about the membrane structure in 1972?
The membrane is a mosaic of proteins dispersed within the bilayer
What is the boundary that separates the living cell from its surroundings called?
Plasma membrane
What is the selective permeability of the plasma membrane responsible for?
Allowing some substances to cross it more easily than others
Phospholipids contain both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions.
True
The plasma membrane is a rigid structure with no fluidity.
False
The fluid mosaic model proposes that the plasma membrane is a fluid structure with a mosaic of various macromolecules embedded in it.
True
The plasma membrane is a single layer of phospholipids.
False
J. Singer and G. Nicolson proposed that the membrane is a mosaic of proteins dispersed within the bilayer, with only the hydrophobic regions exposed to water.
False
The selective permeability of the plasma membrane allows all substances to cross it equally.
False
The plasma membrane exhibits selective permeability, allowing some substances to cross it more easily than others.
True
The fluid mosaic model states that a membrane is a rigid structure with no movement.
False
The plasma membrane consists of a single layer of proteins.
False
The fluid mosaic model of the membrane structure was proposed in 1972.
True
The plasma membrane has two layers (a bilayer) of phospholipids.
True
The plasma membrane is the boundary that separates the dead cell from its surroundings.
False
Passive transport requires energy to move bio-chemicals from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.
False
Facilitated diffusion is an example of active transport.
False
Osmosis is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
True
Tonicity refers to the ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water.
True
Cell walls help maintain water balance in plant cells.
True
Active transport requires energy to move bio-chemicals from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration.
True
Channel proteins can transport molecules against their concentration gradient.
False
Carrier proteins can transport molecules against their concentration gradient.
True
Channel proteins transport both water-soluble and insoluble molecules.
True
Carrier proteins mediate only passive transport.
False
Passive transport is the movement of bio-chemicals from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration.
False
Active transport can transport glucose, sodium, and potassium ions.
True
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Plasma membrane = Boundary that separates the living cell from its surroundings Selective permeability = Exhibits selective permeability, allowing some substances to cross it more easily than others Fluid mosaic model = States that a membrane is a fluid structure with a mosaic of various macromolecules embedded in it Phospholipids = Contains hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions
Match the following scientists with their proposal about membrane structure:
J. Singer and G. Nicolson = Proposed that the membrane is a mosaic of proteins dispersed within the bilayer, with only the hydrophilic regions exposed to water Chris Romero and Erin Barley = Updated the fluid mosaic model of the membrane structure Neil Campbell and Jane Reece = Authored the PowerPoint® Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Joan Sharp = Contributed to the updated fluid mosaic model of the membrane structure
Match the following actions with their descriptions:
Diffusion = Movement of bio-chemicals from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration without the requirement of energy Osmosis = Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane Active transport = Requires energy to move bio-chemicals from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration Passive transport = Process of transport of molecules or ions across a cell membrane via specific transmembrane proteins
Match the following functions of membrane proteins with their descriptions:
Transport = Movement of substances across the membrane Enzymatic activity = Catalysis of specific reactions at the membrane Signal transduction = Transmission of molecular signals from the exterior to the interior of the cell Cell-cell recognition = Identification of other cells for interaction or signaling
Match the following terms related to water balance with their definitions:
Osmosis = Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane Tonicity = Ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water Osmoregulation = Control of water balance in varying environments Plasmolysis = Shrinking of the cytoplasm due to water loss in a hypertonic environment
Match the following types of solutions with their effects on cells:
Isotonic solution = No net movement of water into or out of the cell Hypertonic solution = Cell loses water and shrinks Hypotonic solution = Cell gains water and swells Turgid cell = Firm cell due to uptake of water in a hypotonic environment
Match the following terms related to transport proteins with their characteristics:
Facilitated diffusion = Passive transport of molecules or ions via specific transmembrane proteins Active transport = Movement of bio-chemicals from areas of low concentration to high concentration requiring energy Channel proteins = Transport molecules from areas of high concentration to low concentration through a water-filled channel Carrier proteins = Transport molecules against their concentration gradient and mediate both active and passive transport
Test your knowledge of membrane structure and function with this quiz based on Chapter 8 of the Biology Eighth Edition textbook by Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. Explore topics such as the plasma membrane, cell boundaries, and the role of membranes in cellular life.
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