Membrane Structure and Function Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the process of passive transport of molecules or ions across a cell membrane via specific transmembrane proteins?

  • Facilitated diffusion (correct)
  • Active transport
  • Osmosis
  • Channel protein transport

What is the tendency for molecules to spread out evenly into the available space called?

  • Diffusion (correct)
  • Osmosis
  • Active transport
  • Facilitated diffusion

What is the ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water called?

  • Osmosis
  • Active transport
  • Tonicity (correct)
  • Facilitated diffusion

What is the control of water balance called?

<p>Osmoregulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the movement of bio-chemicals from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration without the requirement of energy called?

<p>Passive transport (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the movement of bio-chemicals from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration and therefore requires energy called?

<p>Active transport (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference in concentration of a substance from one area to another called?

<p>Concentration gradient (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane called?

<p>Osmosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of passive transport of molecules or ions across a cell membrane via specific transmembrane proteins called?

<p>Facilitated diffusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water called?

<p>Tonicity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the control of water balance called?

<p>Osmoregulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the movement of bio-chemicals from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration without the requirement of energy called?

<p>Passive transport (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the plasma membrane boundary that separates the living cell from its surroundings called?

<p>Cell membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the fluid mosaic model state about the membrane structure?

<p>A membrane is a fluid structure with a mosaic of various macromolecules embedded in it (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed that the membrane is a mosaic of proteins dispersed within the bilayer?

<p>J. Singer and G. Nicolson (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the boundary that separates the living cell from its surroundings called?

<p>Plasma membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of the plasma membrane according to the fluid mosaic model?

<p>A fluid structure with a mosaic of various macromolecules embedded in it (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed the fluid mosaic model of the membrane structure?

<p>J. Singer and G. Nicolson (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the selective permeability of the plasma membrane responsible for?

<p>Allowing some substances to cross it more easily than others (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of the plasma membrane according to the fluid mosaic model?

<p>A fluid structure with a mosaic of various macromolecules embedded in it (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do phospholipids in the plasma membrane contain?

<p>Hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did J. Singer and G. Nicolson propose about the membrane structure in 1972?

<p>The membrane is a mosaic of proteins dispersed within the bilayer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the boundary that separates the living cell from its surroundings called?

<p>Plasma membrane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the selective permeability of the plasma membrane responsible for?

<p>Allowing some substances to cross it more easily than others (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Phospholipids contain both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The plasma membrane is a rigid structure with no fluidity.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The fluid mosaic model proposes that the plasma membrane is a fluid structure with a mosaic of various macromolecules embedded in it.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The plasma membrane is a single layer of phospholipids.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

J. Singer and G. Nicolson proposed that the membrane is a mosaic of proteins dispersed within the bilayer, with only the hydrophobic regions exposed to water.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The selective permeability of the plasma membrane allows all substances to cross it equally.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The plasma membrane exhibits selective permeability, allowing some substances to cross it more easily than others.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The fluid mosaic model states that a membrane is a rigid structure with no movement.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The plasma membrane consists of a single layer of proteins.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The fluid mosaic model of the membrane structure was proposed in 1972.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The plasma membrane has two layers (a bilayer) of phospholipids.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The plasma membrane is the boundary that separates the dead cell from its surroundings.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Passive transport requires energy to move bio-chemicals from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Facilitated diffusion is an example of active transport.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Osmosis is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tonicity refers to the ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cell walls help maintain water balance in plant cells.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Active transport requires energy to move bio-chemicals from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Channel proteins can transport molecules against their concentration gradient.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Carrier proteins can transport molecules against their concentration gradient.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Channel proteins transport both water-soluble and insoluble molecules.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Carrier proteins mediate only passive transport.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Passive transport is the movement of bio-chemicals from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Active transport can transport glucose, sodium, and potassium ions.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

<p>Plasma membrane = Boundary that separates the living cell from its surroundings Selective permeability = Exhibits selective permeability, allowing some substances to cross it more easily than others Fluid mosaic model = States that a membrane is a fluid structure with a mosaic of various macromolecules embedded in it Phospholipids = Contains hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following scientists with their proposal about membrane structure:

<p>J. Singer and G. Nicolson = Proposed that the membrane is a mosaic of proteins dispersed within the bilayer, with only the hydrophilic regions exposed to water Chris Romero and Erin Barley = Updated the fluid mosaic model of the membrane structure Neil Campbell and Jane Reece = Authored the PowerPoint® Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Joan Sharp = Contributed to the updated fluid mosaic model of the membrane structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following actions with their descriptions:

<p>Diffusion = Movement of bio-chemicals from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration without the requirement of energy Osmosis = Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane Active transport = Requires energy to move bio-chemicals from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration Passive transport = Process of transport of molecules or ions across a cell membrane via specific transmembrane proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following functions of membrane proteins with their descriptions:

<p>Transport = Movement of substances across the membrane Enzymatic activity = Catalysis of specific reactions at the membrane Signal transduction = Transmission of molecular signals from the exterior to the interior of the cell Cell-cell recognition = Identification of other cells for interaction or signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to water balance with their definitions:

<p>Osmosis = Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane Tonicity = Ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water Osmoregulation = Control of water balance in varying environments Plasmolysis = Shrinking of the cytoplasm due to water loss in a hypertonic environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of solutions with their effects on cells:

<p>Isotonic solution = No net movement of water into or out of the cell Hypertonic solution = Cell loses water and shrinks Hypotonic solution = Cell gains water and swells Turgid cell = Firm cell due to uptake of water in a hypotonic environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to transport proteins with their characteristics:

<p>Facilitated diffusion = Passive transport of molecules or ions via specific transmembrane proteins Active transport = Movement of bio-chemicals from areas of low concentration to high concentration requiring energy Channel proteins = Transport molecules from areas of high concentration to low concentration through a water-filled channel Carrier proteins = Transport molecules against their concentration gradient and mediate both active and passive transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

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