Memantine

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Questions and Answers

What is the peak of action for donepezil after oral administration?

  • 3 to 8 hours (correct)
  • 12 hours
  • 24 hours
  • 30 minutes

How is the excretion of donepezil and its metabolites mainly carried out?

  • In feces
  • In saliva
  • In sweat
  • In urine (correct)

What is a contraindication for the use of galantamine hydrobromide?

  • Hypertension
  • Severe hepatic impairment (correct)
  • Anxiety disorder
  • Diabetes

What is a common adverse effect of rabeprazole?

<p>GI upset such as nausea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential effect of anticholinergics on donepezil?

<p>Decreases its effect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of carbidopa when administered with levodopa?

<p>Inhibiting peripheral metabolism of levodopa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk when monoamine oxidase inhibitors are taken with levodopa-carbidopa?

<p>Hypertensive crisis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended way to administer levodopa-carbidopa to reduce nausea?

<p>With or just after food (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the therapeutic effects of levodopa and other dopaminergic agents?

<p>Improvement in mobility, balance, posture, gait, speech, handwriting, and self-care ability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of levodopa?

<p>Dyskinesia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is levodopa converted in the basal ganglia to produce symptom relief?

<p>To dopamine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is carbidopa administered with levodopa?

<p>To decrease peripheral metabolism and reduce adverse effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mainstay of treatment for Parkinson's disease?

<p>Levodopa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse effect associated with levodopa treatment?

<p>Dyskinesia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the therapeutic effects of Levodopa-Carbidopa?

<p>Improvement in mobility, balance, posture, gait, speech, and handwriting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the symptoms of decreased effectiveness of Levodopa medication?

<p>Ataxic gait, tremors of the hands and fingers, drooling, and masklike facial expressions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effects should be minimized by taking Levodopa-Carbidopa with food?

<p>Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should patients avoid when taking Levodopa-Carbidopa?

<p>Multivitamin preparations containing pyridoxine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be assessed in a patient to detect signs of orthostatic hypotension?

<p>Blood pressure in sitting and standing positions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of Levodopa-Carbidopa characterized by involuntary movements of the tongue, mouth, and face?

<p>Dyskinesia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action to decrease dyskinesia caused by Levodopa-Carbidopa?

<p>Decrease the dose of the medication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can occur after 2 to 5 years of taking Levodopa-Carbidopa?

<p>The medication may lose its overall effectiveness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided when taking the sustained-release preparation of Levodopa-Carbidopa?

<p>Crushing the sustained-release preparation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of administering carbidopa with levodopa?

<p>To decrease peripheral metabolism and reduce adverse effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can monoamine oxidase inhibitors do when taken with levodopa-carbidopa?

<p>Increase the risk of hypertensive crisis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the therapeutic effects of levodopa and other dopaminergic agents?

<p>Improvement in mobility, balance, posture, gait, speech, handwriting, and self-care ability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of levodopa?

<p>Dyskinesia, involuntary movements of the tongue, mouth, and face (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is levodopa converted in the basal ganglia?

<p>To dopamine, producing symptom relief by increasing striatal dopaminergic activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic response to levodopa medication within 5 to 10 years?

<p>Development of dyskinesia, including various involuntary movements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mainstay of treatment for Parkinson's disease?

<p>Levodopa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are potential adverse effects associated with levodopa?

<p>Nausea, vomiting, appetite loss, decreased blood pressure, dystonia, dyskinesia, and confusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of carbidopa when added to levodopa?

<p>Decrease peripheral metabolism of levodopa before it can reach the brain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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