Medieval Medicine and the Church

Sanitation improvements = Increase in public health standards Clean water supply = Essential for preventing disease Drainage systems = Helped manage sewage effectively Medical officers = Responsible for overseeing public health

1848 Public Health Act = Introduced due to cholera outbreaks 1875 Public Health Act = Provision of clean water and drainage

Cholera outbreak of 1865 = Increased awareness of hygiene John Snow's research = Established the link between water and disease Death rate statistics = Shamed towns into taking action Public health reforms = Led to improvements in local living conditions

<p>Prompted Parliament action = Led to sewage system improvements Sir Joseph Bazalgette's work = Construction of extensive sewer systems Restoration of the River Thames = Improved public health and cleanliness Increased public funding = Demand for cleaner urban environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Votes for working-class men = Greater political pressure for better health conditions Scientific evidence of germ theory = Encouraged tax funding for health measures Realization of health needs = Government intervention in public health Implementation of health data collection = Shame on towns with high death rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Provision of clean water = Essential to combat disease spread Proper drainage and sewage = Prevent environmental contamination Appointment of Medical Officers of Health = Oversight of local health initiatives Public health statistics = Informed government policy decisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Public outcry = Increased awareness of sanitary conditions Parliament's response = Legislation for public health measures Response from engineers = Sewage system design advancements Change in urban planning = Focus on public health infrastructure</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Edwin Chadwick = Promoted sanitation and public health measures Louis Pasteur = Discovered germ theory John Snow = Linked cholera to contaminated water Sir Joseph Bazalgette = Engineered London’s sewage system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Edwin Chadwick = Recommended sanitary reforms to improve public health Joseph Bazalgette = Developed the modern sewage system in London Florence Nightingale = Improved sanitation in hospitals John Snow = Mapped cholera cases to identify sources of outbreaks</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1848 Public Health Act = Not compulsory for local authorities 1875 Public Health Act = Made improvements mandatory Board of Health = Provided financial support to local authorities Chadwick's Recommendations = Followed by limited local authority action</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Public Health Act 1848 = Established a framework for urban sanitation Public Health Act 1875 = Made further improvements and required local authorities to take action Public Health Act 1936 = Established powers to protect public health standards Public Health Act 1961 = Focused on the prevention of disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contaminated water supply = Rivers polluted with sewage Poor sanitation = Lack of drainage systems Crowded living conditions = Overpopulation in urban areas Illness and disease = Spread through unclean drinking water</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cholera outbreak in 1848 = Led to the passing of the Public Health Act John Snow's research = Demonstrated a connection between cholera and water supply Removal of the Broad Street pump handle = Resulted in a decrease of cholera deaths Pressure on water companies = Forced improvements in water sanitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Great Stink of 1858 = Led to the implementation of new sewage systems in London Public outcry over foul odors = Increased urgency for public health reforms Cholera outbreaks = Highlighted the need for proper sanitation Parliament's decision = Approved plans for sewage management</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sewage = Wastewater and excrement collected for disposal Sanitation = Measures taken to protect health through cleanliness Cholera = A bacterial disease causing severe diarrhea and dehydration Public Health = The science of protecting and improving the health of communities</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Liverpool = Initiated building sewage systems in response to health concerns Manchester = Developed water-supply systems for public health London = Faced severe sanitation issues leading to the Great Stink Broad Street area = The site of John Snow's cholera investigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>John Snow's map = Identified concentration of cholera deaths Cesspool contamination = Revealed how water supplies were tainted Government action after outbreaks = Led to the establishment of health boards Medical Officers of Health = Limited appointment despite ongoing health crises</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Edwin Chadwick = Report on the Sanitary Condition of the Labouring Population John Snow = On the Mode of Communication of Cholera Florence Nightingale = Notes on Hospitals Joseph Bazalgette = Reports on London’s sewage systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thames Embankment = Used to manage sewage and enhance public health The London Sewer System = Designed to prevent overflow and contamination Pumping Stations = Helped to move sewage to treatment facilities Public Latrines = Provided accessible sanitation for city dwellers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chadwick = Proposed sanitation measures for industrial towns John Snow = Pioneered the study of cholera's relationship with water Parliament in 1858 = Responded to the Great Stink with urgency Board of Health = Encouraged but did not enforce health improvements</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Financial support from the government = Limited impact on local authority action Pressure from cholera outbreaks = Paved the way for public health reforms Chadwick's reports = Initially ignored but eventually acknowledged Public's reaction to the Great Stink = Increased demand for sewage reforms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Joseph Lister = Pioneered antiseptic techniques John Snow = Laid the groundwork for epidemiology Edwin Chadwick = Influenced public health policies through his reports Florence Nightingale = Established nursing as a profession focused on patient care</p> Signup and view all the answers