Medicine Dispensing and Calculations
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Medicine Dispensing and Calculations

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Questions and Answers

If a prescription includes Metformin 1 g to be taken BD, and you have 500 mg tablets, how many tablets will the patient take each day?

4 tablets

Given that Ranitidine syrup is prescribed at 150 mg BD, and the stock is 15 mg/mL, how many mL will the patient need per day?

20 mL

A child weighs 30 kg and is prescribed Paracetamol at 15 mg/kg QDS. How much Paracetamol will the child receive each day?

1800 mg

Using dimensional analysis, convert 5 inches to centimeters.

<p>12.7 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much time in hours is equivalent to 1 week?

<p>168 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a prescription for a child requires 15 mg of medication per kg, how is the total dosage calculated for a child weighing 30 kg?

<p>15 mg/kg x 30 kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would you determine the dosage frequency for liquid medications based on the prescription given?

<p>Identify the prescribed dose and frequency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

For corticosteroid dispensing, why is it important not to perform calculations for the patient?

<p>To avoid errors and ensure safety.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In weight-based dosing, what unit of measurement is primarily used to calculate the dose for a child?

<p>mg/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of dimensional analysis in dispensing medication?

<p>It allows accurate unit conversion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many mL of D5W is needed to provide 150 mg of dextrose to a hypoglycaemic patient?

<p>3 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

To prepare 250 mL of a 15% solution from an 80% stock solution, how many mL of stock solution are needed?

<p>46.875 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the formula for B.M.X. includes 110 mL of Maalox, how much of it is needed to make 500 mL of B.M.X.?

<p>229 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much yellow soft paraffin must be added to produce a 0.5% w/w sulphur ointment from 50g of 2% ointment?

<p>100 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total volume of 5% dextrose required to administer 150 mg of dextrose?

<p>3 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

When diluting a solution, if you have 250 mL of a 15% solution, what is the volume required if starting from an 80% solution?

<p>46.875 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much Maalox should be used to prepare 500 mL of B.M.X. if the ratio requires 110 mL of Maalox for 240 mL of the total?

<p>229 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

In making 0.5% w/w sulphur ointment, how many grams of yellow soft paraffin should be added to 50g of 2% sulphur ointment?

<p>100 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a patient requires a 5% dextrose solution to receive 150 mg of dextrose, what volume should be administered?

<p>3 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a preparation of a 15% solution from an 80% stock solution, how do you calculate the required stock volume?

<p>Use the equation: (15/80) * 250 mL = ? mL.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total volume of Paracetamol suspension (in mL) to be administered in each dose for a child weighing 30 kg?

<p>22.5 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the patient takes lactulose (dosage of 3 x 5 mL spoonfuls three times a day), how many days will a 400 mL bottle last?

<p>8.9 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a child weighing 15 kg, how much codeine (in mL) do you need if the dose is 200 mcg/kg and the concentration is 5 mg/mL?

<p>0.6 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many Prednisolone 5 mg tablets are needed for a regimen of 40 mg x 5/7, reducing by 5 mg every 5 days until 0?

<p>30 tablets</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total daily dosage of Prednisolone for a prescription of 30 mg x 6/7 over 6 days with a reduction of 5 mg every 6 days?

<p>180 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

Calculate the total administration in mL of a Paracetamol suspension taken daily for a week based on the earlier calculated dose.

<p>157.5 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many mL of a 5 mg/mL codeine solution are needed for a 15 kg child based on the clinical dose of 200 mcg/kg?

<p>0.6 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

What cumulative total of Prednisolone does a patient take if they reduce the dosage by 5 mg every 5 days until they reach zero?

<p>100 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many milligrams of Drug X are required to make 5 mL of an 8% w/v solution?

<p>400 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much volume in mL would a prescription call for if advised to take 3 x 5 mL spoonfuls of lactulose three times a day?

<p>45 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

If 5 g of solid ingredient is added to 45 g of a base, what is the % w/w strength?

<p>10% w/w</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a regimen of 40 mg/day Prednisolone decreased over days, what is the total needed to last for a full week?

<p>200 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

A concentrated antiseptic solution contains Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Cetrimide in the ratio 20:1. If a 25 mL sachet contains 0.015% w/v Chlorhexidine, what quantity of Cetrimide will it contain?

<p>0.00075 g or 0.75 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many millilitres of a 1-in-400 stock solution should be used to make 4L of a 1-in-2,000 solution?

<p>8 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much salicylic acid (in grams) should be added to 680g of 10% salicylic acid ointment to prepare 15% salicylic acid ointment?

<p>34 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the concentration of salicylic acid in grams when mixing 100g of a 10% ointment with X grams to form a 15% ointment?

<p>X = 37 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

To obtain a solution of 25% w/v from an initial solution of 10% w/v, how many grams of the active ingredient are required for a final volume of 500 mL?

<p>125 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a 100g ointment contains 15g of salicylic acid, what is the remaining weight of excipients in the ointment?

<p>85 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

Determine the total weight of a 1-in-200 stock solution needed to prepare 2L of a 1-in-800 solution.

<p>10 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a pharmacy, if you want to maintain a concentration of 5% w/v but have a 10% w/v solution, what volume must be diluted with 100 mL of base to achieve this?

<p>50 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medicine Dispensing

  • Dosage instructions must be interpreted correctly by the pharmacist, never the patient
  • Dosage instructions should be simple for the patient to understand
  • Measurements should be as simple as possible for the patient
  • Special considerations should be made for children and how dosage forms are made

Dispensing Calculations - Session 2

  • Dispensing solid dosage forms involves calculating the number of tablets a patient should take per day
  • Dispensing liquid dosage forms involves calculating the total volume of liquid a patient should take per day
  • Weight-based dosing calculates how much medication a patient should take based on body weight
  • Corticosteroid dispensing involves calculating the total number of tablets a patient should take for a specific period

Dimensional Analysis

  • Dimensional analysis is a method used to express the same quantity in different units
  • Example: 5 in = 12.7 cm
  • Example: 1 week = 168 hours

Dispensing Solid Dosage Forms

  • Example: If a prescription instructs Metformin 1 g tab BD, and the stock contains 500 mg tablets, the patient should take 4 tablets per day

Dispensing Liquid Dosage Forms

  • Example: If a prescription instructs Ranitidine syrup 150 mg BD, and the stock contains 15 mg/mL, the patient should take 20 mL per day

Weight-Based Dosing

  • Example: If a prescription instructs Paracetamol susp 15 mg/kg QDS x 5/7, and the stock contains 200 mg/mL, and the patient weighs 30 kg, the patient should take 45 mL for the entire prescription

Corticosteroid Dispensing

  • Example: For Prednisolone 30 mg x 6/7. Reduce by 5mg every 6 days until 0, there are multiple ways to calculate the total number of tablets needed:
    • Add each individual day's dosage
    • Add the sum of the dosages by row
    • Add the sum of the dosages by column
    • Calculate using the sum of consecutive integers
    • Use the formula n(n+1)/2 * # of days where n = maximum number of tablets

Compounding Calculations

  • Compounding is becoming less common
  • Compounding from prefabricated forms is becoming more common

Session 3 Calculations

  • How many mL of D5W (5% dextrose) should be administered to a hypoglycemic patient to provide 150 mg of dextrose?
    • Answer: 3 mL
  • Dilution of stock solution (liquids)
    • Example: A GP orders 250 mL of 15% (v/v) solution to be prepared from a stock supply of 80% (v/v) solution. How many mL of stock solution are needed?
    • Answer: 46.875 mL
  • Following a Formula
    • Example: The formula for BMX is Benylin 110 mL, Maalox 110 mL, Lidocaine 2% 20 mL. How much Maalox liquid would be required to make 500 mL of BMX?
    • Answer: 229 mL
  • Dilution of Solids
    • Example: You are supplied with 50g of 2% sulfur ointment. How many grams of yellow soft paraffin must be added to produce 0.5% w/w sulfur ointment?
    • Answer: 150 grams
  • Increasing Concentration
    • Example: How much salicylic acid (in grams) should be added to 500g of 10% salicylic acid ointment to prepare 25% salicylic ointment?
    • Answer: 100 grams

Session 3 Calculations - Vevox

  • There are 5 Vevox questions for Session 3
  • Vevox questions cover how to calculate different quantities with ratios and proportions, dilutions, mixtures, and compounding

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Related Documents

PF1011 Calculations 2 & 3 Notes PDF

Description

This quiz covers essential principles of medicine dispensing, focusing on dosage instructions and calculations for both solid and liquid forms. Special considerations for pediatric patients and dimensional analysis are also explored, providing a comprehensive understanding of medication management. Test your knowledge on critical calculations for effective patient care.

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