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Questions and Answers
What is the function of White blood cells?
What is the function of White blood cells?
- Aid in breathing
- Fight infection (correct)
- Carry oxygen
- Help with blood clotting
Which component of the blood is responsible for clotting?
Which component of the blood is responsible for clotting?
- Platelets (correct)
- Red blood cells
- Plasma
- White blood cells
What is the sensation of change in pressure (beat) in arteries due to heart contraction called?
What is the sensation of change in pressure (beat) in arteries due to heart contraction called?
- Inspiration
- Exhalation
- Pulse (correct)
- Aspiration
What does the Department of Transportation (DOT) manage according to the text?
What does the Department of Transportation (DOT) manage according to the text?
When does aspiration occur according to the text?
When does aspiration occur according to the text?
What happens during exhalation based on the text?
What happens during exhalation based on the text?
Which term refers to the process of moving air in and out of the lungs?
Which term refers to the process of moving air in and out of the lungs?
What is the medical condition characterized by blueness or lividness of the skin?
What is the medical condition characterized by blueness or lividness of the skin?
Which part of the body consists of the illium, ischium, and pubis bones?
Which part of the body consists of the illium, ischium, and pubis bones?
What is the term for the vessels that carry blood back to the heart?
What is the term for the vessels that carry blood back to the heart?
Which system contains nerves that transmit messages to and from the central nervous system?
Which system contains nerves that transmit messages to and from the central nervous system?
What does CNS stand for in medical terminology?
What does CNS stand for in medical terminology?
Which chambers of the heart are known as the superior chambers?
Which chambers of the heart are known as the superior chambers?
What type of blood vessels are arterioles?
What type of blood vessels are arterioles?
What is the main function of capillaries in the body?
What is the main function of capillaries in the body?
What is rigor mortis a sign of?
What is rigor mortis a sign of?
When should CPR be contraindicated?
When should CPR be contraindicated?
In what age classification would a preschool-aged child fall?
In what age classification would a preschool-aged child fall?
What does a cyanotic skin color indicate?
What does a cyanotic skin color indicate?
Which condition is often associated with seizures in children and infants?
Which condition is often associated with seizures in children and infants?
What is the function of tendons in the body?
What is the function of tendons in the body?
What is the main function of ligaments?
What is the main function of ligaments?
Which muscle type is responsible for involuntary movements in the body?
Which muscle type is responsible for involuntary movements in the body?
If a substance is ingested through the mouth, which route of poisoning has occurred?
If a substance is ingested through the mouth, which route of poisoning has occurred?
What phase of a seizure is characterized by the patient being unresponsive and collapsing to the ground?
What phase of a seizure is characterized by the patient being unresponsive and collapsing to the ground?
Which phase of a seizure involves the patient alternating between contraction and relaxation?
Which phase of a seizure involves the patient alternating between contraction and relaxation?
In anaphylaxis, what is the main reason why the patient's life is threatened?
In anaphylaxis, what is the main reason why the patient's life is threatened?
Which infant reflex involves throwing arms out, spreading fingers, and grabbing with fingers when startled?
Which infant reflex involves throwing arms out, spreading fingers, and grabbing with fingers when startled?
What does the OPQRST mnemonic stand for in patient assessment?
What does the OPQRST mnemonic stand for in patient assessment?
'PERL' in medical terms refers to which pupil condition?
'PERL' in medical terms refers to which pupil condition?
What is the term for low oxygen levels within the body?
What is the term for low oxygen levels within the body?
Which vessels carry blood back to the heart?
Which vessels carry blood back to the heart?
Which part of the body consists of the ilium, ischium, and pubis bones?
Which part of the body consists of the ilium, ischium, and pubis bones?
What is the legal requirement to perform known as?
What is the legal requirement to perform known as?
What is the process of moving air in and out of the lungs called?
What is the process of moving air in and out of the lungs called?
What is the vessel type where exchanges of gases, nutrients, and wastes occur?
What is the vessel type where exchanges of gases, nutrients, and wastes occur?
What is the function of the right ventricle in the heart?
What is the function of the right ventricle in the heart?
Which medical condition is indicated by thready pulse, according to the information provided?
Which medical condition is indicated by thready pulse, according to the information provided?
What does CHF (congestive heart failure) result from?
What does CHF (congestive heart failure) result from?
Which condition is characterized by high blood sugar levels?
Which condition is characterized by high blood sugar levels?
What is the main symptom of dyspnea?
What is the main symptom of dyspnea?
When a patient has an abdominal aortic aneurysm, which blood vessel is affected?
When a patient has an abdominal aortic aneurysm, which blood vessel is affected?
Which type of muscles are responsible for involuntary movements in the body?
Which type of muscles are responsible for involuntary movements in the body?
What is the function of ligaments in the body?
What is the function of ligaments in the body?
Where are alveoli located in the respiratory system?
Where are alveoli located in the respiratory system?
What is the term for the substance that can harm the body, whether ingested, inhaled, or injected?
What is the term for the substance that can harm the body, whether ingested, inhaled, or injected?
Which phase of a seizure is typically characterized by a high fever or a rapid rise in body temperature in children and infants?
Which phase of a seizure is typically characterized by a high fever or a rapid rise in body temperature in children and infants?
Where are abdominal thrusts typically performed during first aid administration?
Where are abdominal thrusts typically performed during first aid administration?
What phase of a seizure is characterized by the patient being unaware it will occur?
What phase of a seizure is characterized by the patient being unaware it will occur?
Which infant reflex involves placing a finger in the baby's palm causing them to grasp it?
Which infant reflex involves placing a finger in the baby's palm causing them to grasp it?
Which mnemonic is used for stroke assessment and includes the components Facial drooping, Arm weakness, Speech, and Time?
Which mnemonic is used for stroke assessment and includes the components Facial drooping, Arm weakness, Speech, and Time?
In anaphylaxis, what physiological response makes it difficult for the patient to breathe?
In anaphylaxis, what physiological response makes it difficult for the patient to breathe?
What does the mnemonic 'OPQRST' stand for in patient assessment?
What does the mnemonic 'OPQRST' stand for in patient assessment?
What part of patient history does the 'SAMPLE' mnemonic refer to?
What part of patient history does the 'SAMPLE' mnemonic refer to?
What term is used to describe a condition where the airway becomes inflamed, narrow, and produces extra mucus, making it difficult to breathe?
What term is used to describe a condition where the airway becomes inflamed, narrow, and produces extra mucus, making it difficult to breathe?
Which stage of grief includes the emotional response of refusing to accept reality?
Which stage of grief includes the emotional response of refusing to accept reality?
What is the main function of white blood cells in the body?
What is the main function of white blood cells in the body?
Which component of blood is responsible for stopping bleeding by aiding in clot formation?
Which component of blood is responsible for stopping bleeding by aiding in clot formation?
What is the primary role of a paramedic among other emergency medical personnel?
What is the primary role of a paramedic among other emergency medical personnel?
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Study Notes
Blood Components and Functions
- White blood cells: fight infection
- Red blood cells: carry oxygen
- Plasma: yellowish liquid component of blood
- Platelets: help with clotting
Medical Terms and Concepts
- Pulse: sensation of change in pressure in arteries created by heart contraction
- Standard Precautions: use of protective equipment to prevent spread of disease
- Pathogen: disease-causing agent
- Supine: lying on back, facing up
- Prone: lying on stomach
- Patent: airway open and clear
- Aspiration: when food, liquid, or other material enters airway and eventually lungs
- Inhalation: process of drawing breaths
- Exhalation: process of breathing out
- Hypoxia: low oxygen levels within the body
- Cyanosis: blueness or lividness of skin
- Pulmonary ventilation: process of moving air in and out of lungs
Anatomy
- Arteries: vessels that carry blood away from heart
- Veins: vessels that carry blood back to heart
- Capillaries: thin blood vessels where exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes occurs
- Central Nervous System (CNS): contains brain and spinal cord
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): contains nerves that transmit messages to and from CNS
- Bones in pelvic area: ilium, ischium, and pubis
- 33 bones in cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccyx areas
CPR and Emergency Response
- Age classifications for CPR:
- Toddler: 12-36 months
- Preschool Age: 3-5 years
- School Age: 6-12 years
- Adolescence: 13-19 years
- Early Adulthood: 20-40 years
- Middle Adulthood: 41-60 years
- Late Adulthood: 61 years and older
- Infant: 0-1 year
- Child: 1-12 years
- Adult: 12 years and above
- AED: attaches pads to chest and analyzes rhythm
- Scenes size-up: determines BSI scene safety
Seizures and Allergic Reactions
- Phases of seizure:
- Aura: patient aware it will occur
- Tonic: unresponsive and collapses to ground
- Clonic: alternating between contraction and relaxation
- Post-ictal: patient gradually regains responsiveness
- Anaphylaxis: life-threatening allergic reaction
- Treatment of seizures: let patient finish, consider ABC, and place in recovery position and transport ASAP
Medical Conditions and Terms
- Atherosclerosis: build-up of fats, cholesterol, and substances in and on artery walls
- Congestive Heart Failure (CHF): caused by back-up of fluid in lungs due to heart's inability to properly pump
- Emphysema: respiratory disease caused by smoking, prohibiting gas exchange
- Diabetes: condition that prevents patient from producing insulin
- Hyperglycemia: high blood sugar/glucose
- Hypoglycemia: low blood sugar/glucose
- Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA): enlargement of the aorta, main blood vessel that delivers blood to body
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