Medical Terminology Quiz

Medical Terms

• Laryngitis: Inflammation of the voice box
• Mediastinoscopy: Visual examination of the central area of the chest
• Laryngospasm: Involuntary contraction of muscles in the voice box
• Cyanosis: Bluish discoloration of the skin
• Sinusitis: Inflammation of the cavities within the skull near the nose
• Lobectomy: Removal of a lobe of the lung
• Orthopnea: Breathing is easier in an upright position
• Laryngeal: Pertaining to the voice box
• Exorthotion: Process of expelling sputum from the chest
• Hypoxia: Condition of decreased oxygen
• Pleurdynia: Pain associated with the chest muscles
• Dysphonia: Hoarseness (abnormal sound of the voice)
• Pharyngeal: Pertaining to the throat
• Rhinorrhea: Discharge from the nose
• Phrenic nerve: Nerve that sends messages to the diaphragm
• Pneumonectomy: Removal of a lung

Blood Cells

• Erythrocyte: Red blood cell
• Monocyte: White blood cell; phagocyte and precursor of a macrophage
• Thrombocyte: Platelet
• Hematopoietic stem cell: Bone marrow cell; gives rise to many types of blood cells
• Lymphocyte: Leukocyte formed in lymph tissue; produces antibodies
• Eosinophil: Leukocyte with dense reddish granules; associated with allergic reactions
• Neutrophil: Leukocyte (poly) formed in bone marrow and having neutral-staining granules
• Basophil: Leukocyte whose granules have an affinity for basic stain; releases histamine and heparin

Blood Components

• Plasma: Liquid portion of blood
• Erythropoietin (EPO): Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate erythrocyte production in bone marrow
• Globulin: Proteins in plasma; can be separated into alpha, beta, and gamma types
• Prothrombin: Plasma protein that maintains the proper amount of water in blood
• Antibodies: Proteins made by lymphocytes in response to antigens in the blood

Other Medical Terms

• Myeloma: Malignant neoplasm of bone marrow
• Erythropoiesis: Process that produces red blood cells
• Bilirubin: Yellow substance produced when aged red blood cells break down
• Fibrinogen: Protein produced in the liver, helps blood clot
• Platelet: Cell fragment without a nucleus, involved in clotting
• Poikilocytosis: Variation in the shapes of red blood cells
• Leukapheresis: Procedure that removes white blood cells from the blood; returns remaining blood to the patient

Respiratory Terms

• Telectasis: Condition of a collapsed lung
• Thoracotomy: Incision of the chest
• Sinusitis: Inflammation of cavities in the skull
• Cheyne-Stokes: Rhythmic changes in breathing
• Tonsillectomy: Removal of the tonsils
• Spirometer: Instrument to measure breathing
• Tracheotomy: Incision of the windpipe
• Thoracic: Pertaining to the chest
• Tracheal stenosis: Narrowing of the windpipe
• Empyema: Collection of pus in the pleural cavity
• Hyperpnea: Increase in depth of breathing

Test your knowledge of essential medical terms related to respiratory conditions and blood cells. This quiz covers definitions and meanings of various medical terminologies that are commonly used in healthcare. Perfect for students and professionals in the medical field.