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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of a drug?
What is the primary function of a drug?
Which of the following sources were traditionally used to derive drugs?
Which of the following sources were traditionally used to derive drugs?
What is the current trend in drug manufacturing?
What is the current trend in drug manufacturing?
Which statement best describes the evolution of drug sources?
Which statement best describes the evolution of drug sources?
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What role do pharmaceutical companies play in the current drug industry?
What role do pharmaceutical companies play in the current drug industry?
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What is a condition that may arise from the chronic usage of a drug?
What is a condition that may arise from the chronic usage of a drug?
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Which term describes a severe allergic reaction that could cause respiratory distress?
Which term describes a severe allergic reaction that could cause respiratory distress?
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What defines a written and signed order for a drug with administration instructions?
What defines a written and signed order for a drug with administration instructions?
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Which of the following would NOT typically be considered a side effect of chronic drug use?
Which of the following would NOT typically be considered a side effect of chronic drug use?
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Which reaction is characterized as a medical emergency related to allergies?
Which reaction is characterized as a medical emergency related to allergies?
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Flashcards
What is a drug?
What is a drug?
Any substance that can change how your body works.
Traditional drug sources
Traditional drug sources
Substances originally obtained from plants, animals, or minerals.
Synthetic drugs
Synthetic drugs
Man-made substances created in labs to imitate or improve natural drugs.
Pharmaceutical companies
Pharmaceutical companies
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Drug synthesis
Drug synthesis
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Drug Dependence
Drug Dependence
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Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis
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Prescription
Prescription
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Study Notes
Medical Terminology (MD 101) - Level One
- This is a course in medical terminology, specifically for Pharm D program students.
- The objectives for the course include describing methods used in patient examinations, naming drug administration routes, defining basic medical terms, and identifying/using roots and suffixes related to diagnosis and surgery.
- Directional terms are used for locating body parts.
- Anterior (Ventral): toward the front.
- Posterior (Dorsal): toward the back.
- Superior: above.
- Inferior: below.
- Medial: toward the middle.
- Lateral: toward the side.
- Proximal: closer to the point of attachment.
- Distal: farther from the point of attachment.
- Superficial: closer to the surface.
- Deep: closer to the center.
- Body cavities include:
- Cranial cavity
- Spinal cavity (canal)
- Thoracic cavity
- Abdominal cavity
- Pelvic cavity
- Abdominopelvic cavity
- Body regions include:
- Epigastric
- Hypochondriac
- Umbilical
- Lumbar
- Hypogastric
- Drug names:
- Generic names are simpler versions of chemical names, not capitalized.
- Trade names (brand names) are manufacturer trademarks, capitalized.
- Key terms related to drugs and conditions:
- Prescription: Written order for a drug with usage instructions.
- Substance Dependence: Chronic, compulsive need for a drug regardless of its effects, psychological or physical.
- Tolerance: Loss of drug effectiveness from chronic use, requiring larger doses for same effect.
- Synergy: Combined effect of two or more drugs greater than individual effects.
- Potentiation: Increased effectiveness of a drug when used with another drug.
- Antagonist: Substance that interferes with or opposes another drug's action.
- Contraindication: Factors making drug use undesirable or dangerous.
- Side Effect: Undesirable effect of a drug or therapy.
- Withdrawal: Results from stopping drug use.
- Anaphylaxis: Severe allergic reaction potentially leading to respiratory distress and circulatory collapse.
- Routes of drug administration:
- Absorption: Drug enters circulation through digestive tract or other membrane transfer.
- Inhalation: Administration through respiratory system.
- Instillation: Liquid into body cavity or on surface.
- Oral: Given by mouth.
- Rectal: By rectal suppository or enema.
- Sublingual (SL): Under the tongue.
- Topical: Applied to skin.
- Transdermal: Through skin.
- Injection: By needle and syringe, typically parenteral administration.
- Epidural: Injected into space between meninges and spine.
- Equipment used for injection:
- Ampule: Small, sealed glass/plastic container for injectable solutions.
- Vial: Small glass/plastic container for injectable solutions.
- Catheter: Thin tube inserted into a body cavity or vessel.
- Syringe: Instrument used for injecting fluids.
- Terms related to disease:
- Acute: Sudden, severe, short course.
- Chronic: Long duration, slowly progressing.
- Benign: Not cancerous, favorable recovery.
- Malignant: Growing worse, leading to death (cancerous).
- Necrosis: Death of tissue.
- Pus: Product of inflammation, fluid + white blood cells.
- Medical terms related to physical examination:
- Inspection : Visual examination
- Palpitation : Touching surfaces.
- Percussion : Tapping to hear sounds.
- Auscultation : Listening for sounds using a device.
- Vital Signs (VS): Measured to compare with normal ranges. Examples of vital signs include temperature, pulse rate, respiration rate, and blood pressure.
- Medical instruments:
- Ophthalmoscope: Examines the interior of the eye.
- Otoscope: Examines the ears.
- Sphygmomanometer: Measures blood pressure.
- Stethoscope: Listens to sounds within the body.
- Descriptions of signs/symptoms:
- Symptom: Evidence of illness, usually subjective (individual feelings)
- Sign: Objective measure or evidence of disease (e.g., fever, high blood pressure).
- Syndrome: Group of signs/symptoms that define a particular disease/condition.
- General terms pertaining to illness
- Diagnosis: Identifying an illness.
- Prophylaxis: Preventing illness.
- Biopsy: Removing a tissue sample for microscopic examination.
- Anesthesia: Loss of feeling or pain.
- Diaphoresis: Profuse sweating.
- Remission: Decrease/absence of symptoms in a disease.
- Prognosis:Prediction of a disease's course and outcome.
- Other important concepts in medical terminology:
- prefixes: e.g. Brady-, Dys-, Eu-, Tachy-
- suffixes: e.g. -algia, -pathy, -itis, -megaly.
- Specific terms pertaining to the digestive and endocrine systems are also included, e.g. anatomical parts of the GI tract, conditions, and related medical terms.
- Reference information is provided.
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Description
This quiz focuses on essential medical terminology for Pharm D students. It covers methods used in patient examinations, drug administration routes, and key directional terms. Understanding body cavities and regions is also included to aid in diagnosing and understanding surgical procedures.
