CHAPTER 41 Pharm

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Questions and Answers

What is the most common sign of the first infectious TB episode?

Elevated WBC (correct)

Chest pain

Swollen Glands

Shortness of breath

Why is it important for TB patients to take medication daily at the same time each day?

To avoid drug interactions

To reduce the risk of side effects

To ensure treatment success and prevent drug resistance (correct)

To prevent the development of multidrug-resistant TB

What is the significance of dormancy in relation to TB diagnosis?

Positive test results in dormancy do not indicate active infection (correct)

Dormancy prevents positive test results

People in dormancy are infectious

Dormancy indicates active TB infection

Which statement about multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) is correct?

MDR-TB is resistant to both INH and Rifampin Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct sequence of steps in diagnosing TB?

Mantoux Skin test, chest Xray, sputum or stomach secretion culture Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the primary episode of TB is true?

It is the first infectious episode Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of running AST/ALT labs on patients receiving INH or Rifampin?

To assess liver function Signup and view all the answers

What is the third step in diagnosing TB according to the text?

Sputum or stomach secretion culture Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effect can Rifampin have on oral contraceptives?

Causes them to become ineffective Signup and view all the answers

Why is it recommended that TB medications should not be taken with alcohol or OTC medications without physician approval?

Due to potential drug interactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended waiting time before or after meals to take oral TB medications?

1 hour before, or 2 hours after Signup and view all the answers

Which step in diagnosing TB involves administering a Mantoux Skin test?

Step 1 Signup and view all the answers

What potential adverse effect can TB medications have on body fluids?

Turning body fluids red Signup and view all the answers

Which step is involved in diagnosing TB that requires a chest X-ray?

Step 2 Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible consequence of non-compliance with TB treatment regimens?

Possible drug resistance Signup and view all the answers

Which medication instruction should be given specifically to patients taking RIFA medications?

Expect reddish orange body fluids Signup and view all the answers

Reinfection is a chronic form of TB.

True Signup and view all the answers

Most cases of TB can be cured.

True Signup and view all the answers

Successful treatment of TB can take up to ______ years depending on patient’s compliancy.

2 Signup and view all the answers

An adverse effect of TB medications is _________

jaundice Signup and view all the answers

_____ stands for purified protein derivative 0.1ML.

ppd Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Tuberculosis (TB) Overview

The first infectious TB episode is commonly marked by respiratory symptoms, such as a persistent cough or chest pain.
Daily, consistent medication intake is crucial for TB patients to maintain appropriate drug levels, prevent resistance, and enhance treatment efficacy.

TB Diagnosis and Symptoms

Dormancy significance lies in its potential to complicate TB diagnosis, as inactive bacteria can evade detection while still being infectious later.
Correct sequence for diagnosing TB includes initial screening (history and physical exam), imaging (chest X-ray), and laboratory testing (sputum smear and culture).

Multidrug-Resistant TB (MDR-TB)

Multi-drug resistant TB is characterized by resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampin, complicating treatment efforts and public health interventions.

Primary Episode of TB

True statements regarding the primary TB episode often include the initial lung infection that can remain latent or replicate at a later time.

Laboratory Monitoring

Assessing AST/ALT levels helps monitor liver function in patients taking isoniazid (INH) or rifampin, as these medications can cause hepatotoxicity.

Medication Interactions and Guidelines

Rifampin can reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, leading to unintended pregnancies.
TB medications should not be combined with alcohol or over-the-counter drugs without physician approval due to potential adverse interactions and increased side effects.

Timing of Medication Intake

Recommended waiting time for oral TB medications is typically one hour before or two hours after meals to enhance absorption and effectiveness.

Specific Diagnostic Techniques

The Mantoux Skin test is a step in TB diagnosis indicating exposure to the TB bacterium.
A chest X-ray is crucial in diagnosing TB, aiding in identifying any lung abnormalities.

Consequences of Treatment Non-compliance

Non-compliance with TB treatment regimens can lead to treatment failure and the development of drug-resistant strains.

Medications and Patient Instruction

Patients on rifampicin should be instructed about the importance of regular medication schedules and awareness of interactions with concurrent medications.
TB medications may alter the color of body fluids, such as urine or sweat, causing discoloration but not indicating toxicity.

Treatment Duration and Effects

Successful TB treatment can take up to two years, depending on patient compliance and severity of the disease.
An adverse effect of TB medications includes hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal disturbances.
PPD stands for purified protein derivative 0.1ML, a component used in the Mantoux test to screen for TB exposure.

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Description

Test your knowledge on tuberculosis diagnosis steps, infectious episodes, and classification of TB. Learn about Mantoux Skin test, chest X-ray, sputum culture, primary episode, dormancy, and multidrug-resistant TB.