Medical Terminology Chapter 4 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for extreme slowness in movement?

bradykinesia/bradykinesis

What is the term for a slight paralysis affecting one side of the body?

hemiparesis

What is the combining form meaning tone?

Ton/o

What is the term for circular movement at the far end of the limb?

circumduction Signup and view all the answers

What is the combining form meaning muscle?

my/o Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a ringlike muscle?

sphincter Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for hiccups?

singultus Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the distortion or impairment of voluntary movement?

Dyskinesia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a hernia of a muscle through the fascia surrounding it?

Myocele Signup and view all the answers

What is the suffix meaning hernia?

-cele Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally?

Adhesion Signup and view all the answers

What is the combining form meaning coordination?

taxo Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for movement toward the midline?

Adduction Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for inflammation of tissues surrounding the elbow?

epicondylitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of human factors that affect tools and the work environment called?

Ergonomics Signup and view all the answers

What does neuromuscular pertain to?

the relationship between a nerve and a muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for weakness and wearing away of tissue and structures?

Atrophy Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for inflammation of fascia?

fasciitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for paralysis of the lower part of the body?

paraplegia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for abnormally increased muscle function or activity?

hyperkinesia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a wrenched or torn ligament in a joint?

Sprain Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for bending the foot upward at the ankle?

dorsiflexion Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for age-related loss of muscle mass?

sarcopenia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for movement away from the midline?

abduction Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Muscular and Neurological Terms

Bradykinesia/bradykinesis refers to extreme slowness in movement, often seen in neurological disorders.
Hemiparesis is a slight paralysis affecting one side of the body, commonly resulting from a stroke or brain injury.
The combining form "Ton/o" denotes tone, often used in various medical contexts.
Circumduction describes a circular movement at the far end of a limb, involving flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.
My/o is the combining form meaning muscle, used in terms related to muscular health and function.
Sphincter is known as a ringlike muscle that constricts passageways in the body.
Singultus, commonly known as hiccups, involves involuntary contractions of the diaphragm.
Dyskinesia is characterized by distortion or impairment of voluntary movement, leading to uncontrolled motions.

Medical Conditions and Suffixes

Myocele indicates hernia of a muscle through the fascia surrounding it, often requiring surgical intervention.
The suffix "-cele" denotes hernia, used in various medical terminologies describing protrusions.
Adhesions refer to bands of fibrous tissue that abnormally hold structures together, potentially causing pain or dysfunction.

Movement and Coordination

The combining form "taxo" refers to coordination, pivotal in assessing neuromuscular functions.
Adduction is the movement of a body part toward the midline, important in various physical assessments.
Epicondylitis is the inflammation of tissues surrounding the elbow, often associated with repetitive motion injuries.
Ergonomics is the study of human factors affecting tools and work environments to enhance efficiency and safety.
Neuromuscular pertains to the relationship between a nerve and a muscle, critical in understanding motor control.

Muscle Conditions and Joint Issues

Atrophy signifies weakness and wearing away of tissues and structures, commonly seen in disuse or aging.
Fasciitis refers to inflammation of fascia, which can lead to severe pain and restrict movement.
Paraplegia is paralysis of the lower part of the body, often resulting from spinal cord injuries.
Hyperkinesia denotes abnormally increased muscle function or activity, manifesting in conditions like ADHD.
Sprains involve a wrenched or torn ligament in a joint, typically resulting from overstretching or trauma.
Dorsiflexion is the action of bending the foot upward at the ankle, crucial for walking and balance.
Sarcopenia is age-related loss of muscle mass, impacting strength and mobility in the elderly.
Abduction is the movement away from the midline, a key action in various physical activities.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key medical terms with this Chapter 4 flashcard quiz. Each card focuses on important vocabulary related to movement and muscles, helping you reinforce your understanding of the subject. Perfect for students studying medical terminology or related fields.