Medical Terminology Chapter 3 Flashcards

Medical Terminology Flashcards

• Ischemia: Condition where blood is restricted from a specific area, critical in understanding various pathological states.

• Neutrophil: A type of polymorphonuclear leukocyte, essential for immune response and infection fighting.

• Inguinal: Relates to the groin area, important for anatomical and clinical references.

• -ptosis: Suffix indicating falling or drooping, often used in descriptions of organ displacement.

• -stomy: Surgical term for creating a new opening in the body, relevant in various medical procedures.

• my/o: Root word meaning muscle, foundational in describing muscular conditions or diseases.

• -malacia: Suffix denoting softening of tissues, significant in diagnoses of various diseases.

• -phobia: Suffix indicating a fear, utilized in the context of psychological conditions.

• -plasia: Refers to formation or development, important in discussing growth patterns in cells and tissues.

• -pathy: Indicates a disease condition, crucial in diagnosing and classifying various illnesses.

• -plasty: Surgical term for repair or reconstruction, frequently used in the context of corrective surgical procedures.

• -emia: Refers to a blood condition, used in various medical terminologies such as anemia.

• -penia: Suffix indicating deficiency, often used to describe a shortage of blood components.

• -trophy: Relates to nourishment or development, key in understanding growth disorders.

• -megaly: Denotes enlargement, vital in assessing organ size in clinical evaluations.

• Amniocentesis: Procedure involving surgical puncture to extract fluid from the embryo’s surrounding sac, often used for prenatal diagnosis.

• Tonsillitis: Inflammation of lymph tissue in the throat, common in children and indicative of infection.

• Acromegaly: Condition characterized by enlarged extremities after puberty, linked to pituitary gland dysfunction.

• Otalgia: Medical term for ear pain, relevant in otolaryngology.

• Chronic: Describes conditions that persist over long duration, significant in treatment planning.

• Arteriole: Small arteries that play a crucial role in regulating blood flow and pressure.

• Cystocele: Hernia of the urinary bladder, affecting its structural integrity, often requiring surgical intervention.

• Multiple Myeloma: A cancerous tumor of the bone marrow, essential in oncology discussions.

• Myelogram: X-ray record of the spinal cord, used for diagnosing spinal conditions.

• -cocci: Refers to berry-shaped bacteria, relevant in microbiology and infection control.

• -graph: Instrument used for recording data, essential in diagnostic imaging.

• -oid: Suffix meaning resembling, commonly used in anatomical terms.

• Eosinophil: A type of leukocyte involved in allergic responses and parasitic infections.

• Laryngectomy: Surgical removal of the voice box, significant in cases of laryngeal cancer.

• Angioplasty: Procedure for surgical repair of a blood vessel, used to treat blockages.

• Lymphocyte: A blood cell crucial for immune responses, particularly in producing antibodies.

• -sclerosis: Opposite of -malacia, denoting hardening of tissues.

• Hypertrophy: Excessive development, often seen in muscles or organs due to increased stress.

• -therapy: Denotes treatment modalities, essential in disease management.

• Metastasis: Refers to the spread of cancerous tumors beyond the original site, critical in cancer treatment strategies.

• Pneumonia: Condition affecting the lungs characterized by infection and inflammation.

• Leukopenia: Deficiency in white blood cells, compromising immune response.

• Platelet: Blood cells involved in coagulation and wound healing.

• Phlebotomy: Incision or puncture to draw blood, commonly performed for various laboratory tests.

• Necr/o: Root word meaning death, often used in pathology.

• Intercostal: Pertains to the space between the ribs, important for respiratory anatomy.

• Contralateral: Refers to the opposite side of the body, used in clinical assessments.

• Exophthalmos: Protrusion of the eyeball, often associated with thyroid disorders.

• Syndactyly: Congenital anomaly where fingers or toes are fused, relevant in genetic discussions.

• Symbiosis: Interaction between different organisms, with parasitism as a specific example.

• Prodrome: Early signs and symptoms that precede the onset of an illness, important in diagnostics.

• Ante cibum: Medical term meaning before meals, significant in dietary instructions.

• Antibodies: Protein substances produced by leukocytes that play a crucial role in the immune response.

• Symphysis: Condition where bones grow together, often seen in the pelvis.

• Ultrasonography: Imaging technique using sound waves, widely used in various medical diagnostics.

• Metamorphosis: A change in shape or form, relevant in biological studies.

• Retroperitoneal: Describes structures located behind the abdominal cavity.

• Antigens: Substances that provoke an immune response, like streptococci.

• Relapse: Return of disease symptoms, crucial for monitoring chronic conditions.

• Dia-: Prefix meaning complete or thorough, important in medical terminology.

• Abductor Muscle: Muscle that carries a limb away from the body, important for understanding movement functions.

• Dyspnea: Medical term for difficulty in breathing, critical in respiratory assessments.

• Brady-: Prefix meaning slow, commonly used in terms relating to heart rate.