Questions and Answers
What is the acetabulum?
What is the term for the kneecap?
patella
What is yellow bone marrow?
Bone tissue that functions as a fat-storage area and is located in the medullary cavity.
What is the upper portion of the sternum known as?
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What condition is now known as short stature?
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What is a foramen?
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What does arthroplasty describe?
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What is arthrolysis?
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What does osteorrhaphy refer to?
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What is Osteomyelitis?
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What does kyphosis describe?
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What is fibrous dysplasia?
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What is gouty arthritis?
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What is subluxation?
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What does chondroplasty refer to?
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What is a comminuted fracture?
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What is red bone marrow?
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What is dual x-ray absorptiometry?
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What is primary bone cancer?
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What is closed reduction?
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What is an orthopedic surgeon?
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What is spina bifida?
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What is a radiograph?
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What is autologous?
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What is costochondritis?
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What is ankylosing?
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What does -blast mean?
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What does the prefix oste/o refer to?
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What does myel/o refer to?
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What does cost/o refer to?
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What does scoliosis mean?
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What does chondr/i refer to?
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What does -lysis mean?
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What does -desis mean?
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What does arthr/o refer to?
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Study Notes
Bone Anatomy and Terminology
- Acetabulum: The hip socket that accommodates the femur.
- Patella: Commonly known as the kneecap, protects the knee joint.
- Manubrium: The upper portion of the sternum, connecting with ribs and clavicles.
Bone Marrow and Tissue
- Yellow Bone Marrow: Serves as a fat-storage area, found in the medullary cavity.
- Red Bone Marrow: Hematopoietic tissue responsible for producing blood cells.
Joint Conditions and Procedures
- Arthroplasty: Surgical repair or replacement of a damaged joint.
- Arthrolysis: Loosening of an ankylosed joint through surgical means.
- Chondroplasty: Surgical repair of damaged cartilage.
- Osteorrhaphy: Procedure that involves suturing or wiring together broken bones.
Bone Disorders
- Osteomyelitis: Inflammation of the bone marrow and surrounding bone.
- Kyphosis: An abnormal increase in thoracic spine curvature.
- Fibrous Dysplasia: A disorder replacing normal bone structure with fibrous tissue.
- Osteopenia: Condition indicating reduced bone density, leading to osteoporosis.
Fractures and Injuries
- Comminuted Fracture: Bone is splintered or crushed into multiple pieces.
- Closed Reduction: Manual realignment of a fracture or dislocated joint.
- Subluxation: Partial dislocation of a joint, leading to misalignment.
- Hemarthrosis: Bleeding into joint spaces, common in conditions like hemophilia.
Specialty Fields and Professionals
- Orthopedic Surgeon: Physician specializing in bones, joints, and muscle disorders.
- Podiatrist: Specialist in diagnosing and treating conditions affecting the foot.
Genetic and Congenital Conditions
- Dwarfism: Also known as short stature, leading to a significantly shorter height.
- Spina Bifida: Congenital defect due to improper closure of the spinal canal.
Imaging and Diagnostic Techniques
- Radiograph (X-ray): Primary method for visualizing bone fractures.
- Dual X-ray Absorptiometry: Most accurate test for assessing osteoporosis.
Surgical and Medical Terminology
- Autologous: Referring to a process using one's own biological material, such as bone marrow.
- Craniostenosis: Skull deformity due to premature closure of cranial sutures.
- Osteoclasis: Surgical procedure to reshape malformed bones.
Additional Key Terms
- Chondromalacia: Damage to cartilage underneath the kneecap.
- Scoliosis: Sideways curvature of the spine.
- Ankylosing: Inflammatory arthritis affecting the spine and large joints.
Basic Word Roots Related to Bones and Joints
- Oste/o: Relating to bone.
- Chondr/o: Relating to cartilage.
- Arthr/o: Relating to joints.
- Myel/o: Pertaining to spinal cord or bone marrow.
- Cost/o: Referring to ribs.
Common Suffixes and Their Meanings
- -blast: Indicates a cell that builds or rebuilds.
- -lysis: Refers to loosening or breaking down.
- -desis: Denotes the binding or tying together of structures.
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Test your knowledge of essential medical terms in Chapter 3, focusing on anatomy and bone structures. Each flashcard provides a word and its definition to help reinforce your understanding of medical language. Ideal for students in healthcare fields or anyone interested in medical terminology.