Medical Terminology Chapter 1-8 Midterm Review

Questions and Answers

What is the universal language used by healthcare professionals?

English

Greek

Medical Terminology (correct)

Latin

What does 'constructed' refer to in medical terminology?

multiple word parts combined to form new words, Latin & Greek

What are 'non-constructed' terms?

no individual word parts, include eponyms & acronyms, must be committed to memory

What are 'eponyms'?

derived from names of people Signup and view all the answers

What are 'acronyms'?

first letters of words forming one whole word Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a prefix?

beginning of word; expands & enhances word Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'root word' signify?

primary meaning of term, provides basis of the word; other word parts attach to it Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'suffix'?

end of word; indicates the word's part of speech or modifies word's meaning Signup and view all the answers

What is the order of deciphering a medical word?

suffix, prefix, THEN/FINALLY the root word Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hypodermic' refer to?

pertaining to below the skin Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hypo-' mean?

deficient, abnormally low, below Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'derm'?

skin Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-ic' imply?

pertaining to Signup and view all the answers

Define 'gastroenteritis'.

inflammation of the stomach & small intestine Signup and view all the answers

What does 'gastr' refer to?

stomach Signup and view all the answers

What does 'enter' mean?

small intestine Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-itis' indicate?

inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What is 'aphasia'?

absence of speaking Signup and view all the answers

What does 'a-' signify?

without or absence of Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-phasia' mean?

speaking Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'combining vowel'?

used when a word root requires a connecting vowel in order to add a suffix that begins with a consonant, or to add another word root when forming a term Signup and view all the answers

Define 'combining form'.

word root + combining vowel Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common combining vowel?

'o' ; sometimes 'i' or an 'e' Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cardiology' study?

the study or science of the heart Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cardi/o' refer to?

heart Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-logy' mean?

the science or study of Signup and view all the answers

Define 'dermatologist'.

one who studies skin Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'tonsillectomy'?

surgical removal of tonsil (almond-shaped) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'microscopic' mean?

visible only by means of an instrument Signup and view all the answers

Who is known as the Greek father of medicine?

Hippocrates Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix 'epi-' mean?

upon, over, above, on top Signup and view all the answers

What does 'anti-' indicate?

against, opposite of Signup and view all the answers

What does 'brady-' signify?

slow Signup and view all the answers

What does 'endo-' mean?

within Signup and view all the answers

What does 'neo-' mean?

new Signup and view all the answers

What do 'pre-' and 'ante-' mean?

to come before Signup and view all the answers

What do 'append/o' and 'appendic/o' refer to?

appendix Signup and view all the answers

What does 'bi/o' mean?

life Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cerebr/o' refer to?

brain, cerebrum Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dermat/o' mean?

skin Signup and view all the answers

What does 'electr/o' signify?

electricity Signup and view all the answers

What does 'encephal/o' refer to?

brain Signup and view all the answers

What does 'gastr/o' signify?

stomach Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hem/o' mean?

blood Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hepat/o' refer to?

liver Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hyster/o' mean?

uterus Signup and view all the answers

What does 'laryng/o' refer to?

voice box, larynx Signup and view all the answers

What does 'leuk/o' mean?

white Signup and view all the answers

What do 'mamm/o' and 'mast/o' refer to?

breast Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ment/o' mean?

mind Signup and view all the answers

What does 'nat/o' signify?

birth Signup and view all the answers

What does 'neur/o' mean?

nerve Signup and view all the answers

What does 'path/o' signify?

disease Signup and view all the answers

What does 'proct/o' mean?

rectum or anus Signup and view all the answers

What does 'psych/o' refer to?

mind Signup and view all the answers

What does 'rhin/o' signify?

nose Signup and view all the answers

What does 'tonsill/o' mean?

almond, tonsil Signup and view all the answers

What does 'vas/o' refer to?

vessel Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-al' imply?

pertaining to Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-ectomy' mean?

surgical excision, removal Signup and view all the answers

What does '-emia' signify?

condition of blood Signup and view all the answers

What does '-gram' refer to?

a record or image Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-ia' mean?

condition of Signup and view all the answers

What does '-iatry' refer to?

treatment, specialty Signup and view all the answers

What does '-logist' mean?

one who studies Signup and view all the answers

What does '-pathy' indicate?

disease Signup and view all the answers

What does '-philia' mean?

loving, affinity for Signup and view all the answers

What does '-plasty' refer to?

surgical repair Signup and view all the answers

What does '-scope' signify?

instrument used for viewing Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-tic' mean?

pertaining to Signup and view all the answers

What does '-meter' refer to?

measure, measuring instrument Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-ous' signify?

pertaining to Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-scopy' mean?

process of viewing Signup and view all the answers

What does '-drome' mean?

run or running Signup and view all the answers

What does '-emesis' mean?

vomiting Signup and view all the answers

What does '-malacia' indicate?

softening Signup and view all the answers

What does '-opsy' mean?

view of Signup and view all the answers

What does '-oxia' refer to?

condition of oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What does '-phagia' signify?

eating or swallowing Signup and view all the answers

What does '-physis' mean?

growth Signup and view all the answers

What does '-plegia' denote?

paralysis Signup and view all the answers

What does '-oma' signify?

tumor Signup and view all the answers

What does '-stasis' mean?

standing still Signup and view all the answers

What does '-algia' indicate?

condition of pain Signup and view all the answers

What does '-asthenia' mean?

weakness Signup and view all the answers

What does '-atresia' signify?

closure or absence of Signup and view all the answers

What does '-cele' mean?

hernia, swelling, protrusion Signup and view all the answers

What does '-dynia' mean?

pain Signup and view all the answers

What does '-osis' indicate?

condition of Signup and view all the answers

What does '-ism' signify?

condition or disease Signup and view all the answers

What does '-penia' mean?

deficiency or abnormal reduction in number Signup and view all the answers

What does '-phobia' signify?

fear Signup and view all the answers

What does '-plasia' indicate?

formation, growth Signup and view all the answers

What does '-rrhagia' mean?

abnormal discharge Signup and view all the answers

What does '-rhea' refer to?

discharge Signup and view all the answers

What does '-rrhexis' signify?

rupture Signup and view all the answers

What does '-sclerosis' mean?

condition of hardening Signup and view all the answers

What does '-spasm' refer to?

sudden, involuntary, muscle contraction Signup and view all the answers

What does 'syn-' mean?

together Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Terminology Overview

Universal language utilized by healthcare professionals for precise communication.
Comprised of constructed and non-constructed terms.

Constructed Terms

Formed from multiple word parts, typically derived from Latin and Greek.
Combining forms consist of a root word and a combining vowel, often "o."

Non-constructed Terms

Includes terms like eponyms (derived from names of individuals) and acronyms (initial letters forming a new word).
Must be memorized as they do not break down into parts.

Word Parts

Prefix: Appears at the beginning, modifies meaning.
Root Word: Central component offering the primary meaning, to which other parts attach.
Suffix: Located at the end; indicates part of speech or modifies overall meaning.

Deciphering Word Order

Analyze in the sequence of suffix, prefix, then root word for proper understanding.

Key Terms and Definitions

Hypodermic: Pertaining to below the skin.
Gastroenteritis: Inflammation affecting the stomach and small intestine.
Aphasia: Absence of speech, typically indicating language impairment.

Root Words and Their Meanings

Derm: Skin.
Gastr: Stomach.
Hemat/o: Blood.
Psych/o: Mind.

Common Prefixes and Their Meanings

Epi-: Above, upon.
Anti-: Against.
Brady-: Slow.
Endo-: Within.

Suffixes with Medical Significance

-itis: Inflammation.
-ectomy: Surgical removal.
-phobia: Fear.
-emia: Condition of blood.

Additional Medical Terms

Cardiology: Science of the heart.
Dermatologist: Specialist in skin studies.
Tonsillectomy: Surgical removal of tonsils.

Measurement and Observation Terms

-scope: Instrument used to view.
-metry: Measurement process.

Conditions and Procedures

-plasty: Surgical repair.
-rrhage: Abnormal discharge.
-oma: Tumor formation.

Conceptual Understanding

-osis: Indicates a condition; often used in pathophysiology.
-algia: Condition associated with pain.
-genesis: Formation or origin of something.

Growth and Development Terms

-plasia: Formation or growth.
-trophy: Development or growth process.
-phyte: Plant.

Disorders and Conditions

-dys: Difficult or painful.
-sclerosis: Hardening of tissue.
-plenia: Abnormal reduction in number (often in reference to blood components).

Summary of Key Understanding

A solid grasp of prefixes, suffixes, and root words is essential for decoding medical terminology.
Familiarity with common terms enhances communication and understanding in healthcare settings.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Prepare for your midterm exam with this comprehensive flashcard review of Medical Terminology Chapters 1-8. Each flashcard covers essential vocabulary, definitions, and concepts crucial for healthcare professionals. Enhance your understanding and retention of both constructed and non-constructed terms in medical language.