Medical Microbiology: Microbial Growth and Nutrition

<p>Psychrotroph (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Psychrotrophs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Psychrophile (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>60°C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The species' genetic makeup and enzyme functionality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cardinal Temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mesophile (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active transport of ions using specialized membrane pumps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An Alkalophile (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ratio of the vapor pressure of water in a solution to pure water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Osmotolerant / halotolerant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$CO_2$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pH 6 to 8 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lactobacillus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some Archea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To neutralize Reactive Oxygen Species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acidophile, Neutrophile, Alkalophile (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Superoxide dismutase (SOD) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Facultative anaerobe (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Facultative anaerobe (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aerotolerant anaerobe (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteroides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Breaks down $H_2O_2$ into $H_2O$ and $O_2$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microaerophiles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Capnophile (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pseudomonas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mycobacterium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The lowest temperature at which a bacterium can survive and grow.

The temperature at which a bacterium grows best.

The highest temperature at which a bacterium can survive and grow.

Bacteria that grow best at cold temperatures, typically between -10 to 20°C.

Bacteria that thrive at moderate temperatures, typically between 10 to 48°C.

Bacteria that grow best at high temperatures, typically between 40 to 72°C.

Bacteria that thrive in extremely high temperatures, typically between 65 to 110°C.

The range of temperatures at which a bacterium can survive and grow, between its minimum and maximum growth temperatures.

A specific temperature range where most bacteria grow and thrive.

The growth requirements for bacterial survival and growth.

The measure of hydrogen ion (H+) concentration in a solution. It's a scale that ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral, below 7 being acidic, and above 7 being alkaline.

Microorganisms that thrive best in a slightly acidic to slightly alkaline environment, with an optimal pH range of 6.8 to 7.4.

Microorganisms that prefer and can tolerate acidic environments with a pH range of 5 to 6.

Microorganisms that thrive in alkaline environments, often with a pH above 8.

The pressure exerted by a solution due to the concentration of solutes. It affects water movement across cell membranes.

Microorganisms that require an environment with a similar solute concentration to their internal environment. They prefer isotonic or hypotonic conditions.

Microorganisms that can tolerate high osmotic pressure, capable of growing in environments with higher salt concentrations. They don't require high osmotic pressure but can withstand it.

Microorganisms that require high salt concentrations for optimal growth. These microbes prefer and need a briny environment.

Oxygen is essential for the survival and growth of these microbes.

These microbes can grow in the absence of oxygen, but they don't require it for survival.

An enzyme that converts superoxide radicals (O2-) into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxygen (O2). This is a vital step in detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS).

An enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into water (H2O) and oxygen (O2). This is a key step in protecting cells from oxidative damage.

Organisms that require oxygen (O2) for energy production and have both SOD and catalase to detoxify reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Organisms that can grow with or without oxygen (O2) and possess both SOD and catalase.

Organisms that tolerate the presence of oxygen (O2) but do not require it for growth. They only have SOD to detoxify ROS.

Organisms that require low levels of oxygen (O2) for growth and typically have SOD and sometimes catalase.

Organisms that cannot grow in the presence of oxygen (O2) and lack both SOD and catalase.

A culture medium that allows for the growth of both aerobic and anaerobic organisms. It contains a reducing agent to create anaerobic conditions.

Bacteria that require a higher concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) than that present in the atmosphere (5-10%).

The process by which bacteria use oxygen (O2) to produce energy.