Medical Diagnosis Quiz

Study Notes

Patient with temperature 38º C, blood pressure 126/78 mmHg, pulse 92/min, and respiratory rate 18/min, with scleral icterus and tenderness in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen; likely diagnosis is Acute Hepatitis A or B.
33-year-old homeless man with HIV, complaining of generalized weakness and vision difficulties, with CD4 count of 35/mm3; likely diagnosis is Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
43-year-old man with flu-like symptoms, headache, photophobia, and pain in knees and lower back after returning from a rafting trip to South America; likely diagnosis is a mosquito-borne illness.
21-year-old man with AIDS and chronic herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection of the lip, resistant to acyclovir treatment; resistance likely developed due to alteration in thymidine kinase viral protein.
4-year-old boy with generalized rash, fever, and tender postauricular lymphadenopathy; likely diagnosis is Rubella virus.
6-month-old girl with difficulty breathing, nasal flaring, and suprasternal retractions; likely diagnosis is Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection of the lip; resistance to acyclovir treatment developed due to alteration in thymidine kinase viral protein.
Nonenveloped, single-stranded RNA virus; likely contracted by a pregnant woman after ingesting river water.
Enveloped, linear DNA virus; likely causing illness in a pregnant woman after returning from a trip abroad.
Single-stranded linear RNA virus; likely causing illness in a 32-year-old pregnant woman after ingesting river water.
Double-stranded linear DNA virus with an envelope; likely infecting a 22-year-old man with flu-like symptoms.

Hepatitis A or B; likely diagnosis in a patient with temperature 38º C, blood pressure 126/78 mmHg, pulse 92/min, and respiratory rate 18/min, with scleral icterus and tenderness in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; likely diagnosis in a 33-year-old homeless man with HIV, complaining of generalized weakness and vision difficulties.
Mosquito-borne illness; likely diagnosis in a 43-year-old man with flu-like symptoms, headache, photophobia, and pain in knees and lower back after returning from a rafting trip to South America.
Rubella virus; likely diagnosis in a 4-year-old boy with generalized rash, fever, and tender postauricular lymphadenopathy.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection; likely diagnosis in a 6-month-old girl with difficulty breathing, nasal flaring, and suprasternal retractions.
Adenovirus; likely causative agent in a 5-year-old boy's illness with sore throat, conjunctivitis, rhinitis, and cough.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV); likely causative agent in a patient's retinitis and pervivascular hemorrhages.

44-year-old man with renal failure who receives a clotting factor transcription; at increased risk to acquire hepatitis B infection.
Person with HIV; at increased risk to acquire cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis.

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