Medical Calculations and Infections

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What is the difference between SIRS and sepsis?

SIRS is a complication of an infection, while sepsis is a whole-body inflammatory process
SIRS is a mild infection, while sepsis is a severe infection
SIRS is a whole-body inflammatory process, while sepsis is a complication of an infection (correct)
SIRS is a type of healthcare-associated infection, while sepsis is a community-acquired infection

What is the most common type of healthcare-associated infection?

Pneumonia
Surgical site infection
Urinary tract infection (correct)
Central line-associated bloodstream infection

What is the definition of sepsis?

A whole-body inflammatory process resulting in critical illness (correct)
A type of community-acquired infection
The presence of pathogens and their toxins in the blood
A complication of an infection that occurs after 48 hours of hospitalization

What is the term for infections that occur within 48 hours of hospitalization?

Healthcare-associated infection (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the development of sepsis?

SIRS (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the presence of pathogens and their toxins in the blood?

Septicemia (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of sepsis?

Bacteremia (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of severe sepsis?

Sepsis associated with acute organ failure (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a left shift in a WBC differential?

It indicates a bacterial infection (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a procalcitonin (CTpr) level?

It increases during infection and sepsis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the early (warm) phase of septic shock?

Normal blood pressure, increased temperature, and normal urine output (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the complication of sepsis that occurs when the inflammatory response causes damage to the endothelium of the blood vessels?

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration of the convalescent phase of Hepatitis A?

2-6 months (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of Hepatitis A infections?

Traveling out of the country (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary symptom of the icteric phase of Hepatitis A?

Jaundice and dark urine (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Cushing's Triad?

Increased systolic blood pressure, decreased pulse, and irregular respirations (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical age range for febrile seizures?

6 months to 5 years (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a tonic seizure?

Decreased level of consciousness and muscle rigidity (B) Signup and view all the answers