Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT typically associated with thrombocytosis?
Which stain is incorrectly matched with its use in malaria diagnosis?
Which enzyme is commonly elevated in a patient experiencing a heart attack?
What clinical finding is suggestive of fungal meningitis?
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What is the implication of a false negative DAT in Frazer's case?
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How does Pappenheimer differ from Howell Jolly bodies during staining?
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Which of the following bacteria is commonly associated with septicemia?
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Which patient characteristic indicates that neonates do not usually check for HIV antibodies?
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What is the term for the immunity that develops after exposure to a pathogen?
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Which bacteria is most commonly associated with producing abscesses and boils?
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In which of the following scenarios might potassium levels appear falsely elevated?
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What is the primary medium used for cultivating Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
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What is a common Gram-negative, motile rod in clinical microbiology?
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What is indicated by the presence of anti-HBc in a hepatitis screening?
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In which condition would you find decreased factor VIII levels?
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What is the mechanism of action for β-lactam antibiotics regarding bacterial resistance?
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Which of the following is NOT classified as a eukaryotic microorganism?
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What is the primary hormone secreted by the parathyroid gland?
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Which of the following methods is commonly used for analyzing electrolytes quantitatively?
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In blood type cross-matching, what is the purpose of the indirect Coombs test?
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Which organism is commonly associated with urinary tract infections and can be acquired from normal bowel flora?
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What is the main characteristic finding in the diagnosis of Schistosoma haematobium infestation?
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Which immune response is characterized by the presence of serum antibodies Anti-A & B?
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Which condition can lead to a total leukocytic count of less than 4,000/cu.mm?
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Study Notes
Immunology and Pathology
- Type IV Hypersensitivity is characterized by delayed immune response.
- Thrombocytosis often occurs in conditions like sickle cell anemia.
- Polymyositis is indicated by proximal muscle inflammation in a patient.
- Howell Jolly bodies do not stain blue; Pappenheimer bodies do.
- Antibodies are not checked for HIV in neonates due to low detectability.
- Creatinine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are common markers for heart attack.
- Beta thalassemia major shows no A hemoglobin, with high levels of Hb F.
Laboratory Techniques and Results
- Bacterial septicemia is caused by Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
- In fungal meningitis, pleocytosis with high lymphocytes and low glucose in CSF indicates an infection.
- ZN stain for detecting mycobacteria requires decolorization with acid alcohol.
- Giemsa stain is used for thick smears in malaria diagnosis, contrary to Sudan black.
- Forward grouping tests unknown red cells against known antisera.
- The indirect Coombs test identifies coating on cells during cross-matching.
Microbiology
- Gram-negative diplococci associated with pulmonary infections include Neisseria meningitidis.
- Bacillus anthracis is a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that can cause diarrhea.
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a motile Gram-negative rod bacterium.
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis is best cultured on Lowenstein Jensen medium.
Blood and Coagulation
- Factor VIII is decreased in Hemophilia A.
- Thrombocytopenia is indicated by a leukocyte count below 4,000/cu.mm in malignancies.
- Schistosoma haematobium infestation is diagnosed through characteristic eggs in urine.
- The parathyroid gland secretes parathyroid hormone, crucial in calcium balance.
Miscellaneous
- The principle of spectrophotometry is based on the proportionality of light absorption to the substance's concentration.
- Anisocytosis refers to variations in cell size observed in blood smears.
- Anti-A and B antibodies are typically found in individuals with blood type O.
- Artificial barriers in agglutination reactions can include latex particles and erythrocytes coated with antigens.
- The most common methods for quantitative electrolyte analysis involve flame emission photometry and ion-selective electrode techniques.
Additional Concepts
- Resistance to β-lactam antibiotics often arises from decreased penicillin-binding protein.
- The terms "adaptive immunity" and "acquired immunity" are interchangeable.
- In Glanzmann's thrombasthenia, the defect lies in platelet aggregation.
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Description
Test your knowledge on various topics in medical biochemistry and pathology. This quiz covers key concepts such as delayed-type hypersensitivity and specific disease conditions like thrombocytosis. Assess your understanding of laboratory practices and color coding in hazard symbols.
