Medical and Anatomy Quiz Review

Study Notes

Medical and Anatomy Quiz Review

Thyroid Stimulant Hormone (TSH): Target organ is the thyroid; function is T3 and T4 production.
Prolactin: Target organ is the breast; function is milk production.
Parathyroid Hormone: Function is to increase blood calcium levels.
Brain Stem Components: The thalamus is not part of the brainstem.
Rib Classification: Floating ribs do not attach to costal cartilage.
Mnemonic Device: "Sugar, Salt, and Sex" refers to Cortisol, Aldosterone, and Testosterone.
Passive Membrane Transport: An example is osmosis.
Cranial Nerve I: Olfactory nerve; function is the sense of smell.
Leg Bones: Two leg bones are the tibia and fibula.
Midbrain Components: The hypothalamus is not part of the midbrain.
Hormones and Glands: Glucagon, PTH, and TSH are secreted by the pancreas, parathyroid, and anterior pituitary, respectively.
Posterior Pituitary: Another name is neurohypophysis.
Bone Cells: Osteoclasts are bone-reabsorbing cells.
CSF Accumulation: Hydrocephalus is a condition caused by abnormal CSF accumulation.
Hematopoiesis: Occurs in red bone marrow.
Norepinephrine Releasing Axon: Sympathetic axons release norepinephrine.
Cranial Nerve XI: The accessory nerve.
True Ribs: Ribs that attach to the sternum by cartilage; these are true ribs.
Insulin Function: Insulin is secreted by beta cells of the islets of Langerhans.
Nervous System Divisions: The two primary divisions of the nervous system are the peripheral and central nervous systems.
Cervical Vertebrae Count: There are 7 cervical vertebrae.
Insulin and Glucagon Function: Secreted by the pancreas to regulate blood sugar/glucose.
Growth Hormone (GH) Function: Target organs are bones and muscles, and its function is growth.
Aldosterone Function: Also known as "salt-retaining hormone".
Eye Movement Nerves: The optic nerve is not involved in eye movement.
Long Bone Anatomy: The hollow shaft of a long bone is the diaphysis.
Forearm Bones: The two forearm bones are the ulna and radius.
Skin Layer with Melanocytes: Melanocytes are in the epidermis.
Brain Stem and Vital Centers: Medulla oblongata is a brainstem part responsible for functions, including respiratory, cardiac, and vasomotor.
Brain Coordination: The cerebellum coordinates equilibrium.
Somatotropic Hormone (GH): Its most important effect is musculoskeletal system growth.
Somatic and Parasympathetic Neurotransmitter: Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter for these systems.
Growth Hormone (GH) Functions: Stimulates musculoskeletal growth. Secreted by the anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis).
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Function: Activates osteoclasts.
Hormones Secreted by the Posterior Pituitary: Oxytocin is one secreted by posterior pituitary.
Iodine Use in the Body: Iodine is essential for producing thyroid hormones.
Cerebral White Matter: Heavily myelinated part of the cerebrum.
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH): Reduces urine excretion.
Opposing Function of Calcitonin: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has the opposing function of calcitonin.
Oxytocin Function: Target organs are the breasts, with function of milk ejection.
Catecholamines: Includes epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline).
Adrenaline Effect (Epinephrine) on Alpha-1 Receptors: Vasoconstriction.
Cranial Nerve II: Optic nerve.
Calcitonin Secretion Trigger: Elevated plasma calcium levels.
Hormones Secreted by the Posterior Pituitary: Oxytocin is secreted by posterior pituitary