Medical and Anatomy Quiz Review

Medical and Anatomy Quiz Review

• Thyroid Stimulant Hormone (TSH): Target organ is the thyroid; function is T3 and T4 production.
• Prolactin: Target organ is the breast; function is milk production.
• Parathyroid Hormone: Function is to increase blood calcium levels.
• Brain Stem Components: The thalamus is not part of the brainstem.
• Rib Classification: Floating ribs do not attach to costal cartilage.
• Mnemonic Device: "Sugar, Salt, and Sex" refers to Cortisol, Aldosterone, and Testosterone.
• Passive Membrane Transport: An example is osmosis.
• Cranial Nerve I: Olfactory nerve; function is the sense of smell.
• Leg Bones: Two leg bones are the tibia and fibula.
• Midbrain Components: The hypothalamus is not part of the midbrain.
• Hormones and Glands: Glucagon, PTH, and TSH are secreted by the pancreas, parathyroid, and anterior pituitary, respectively.
• Posterior Pituitary: Another name is neurohypophysis.
• Bone Cells: Osteoclasts are bone-reabsorbing cells.
• CSF Accumulation: Hydrocephalus is a condition caused by abnormal CSF accumulation.
• Hematopoiesis: Occurs in red bone marrow.
• Norepinephrine Releasing Axon: Sympathetic axons release norepinephrine.
• Cranial Nerve XI: The accessory nerve.
• True Ribs: Ribs that attach to the sternum by cartilage; these are true ribs.
• Insulin Function: Insulin is secreted by beta cells of the islets of Langerhans.
• Nervous System Divisions: The two primary divisions of the nervous system are the peripheral and central nervous systems.
• Cervical Vertebrae Count: There are 7 cervical vertebrae.
• Insulin and Glucagon Function: Secreted by the pancreas to regulate blood sugar/glucose.
• Growth Hormone (GH) Function: Target organs are bones and muscles, and its function is growth.
• Aldosterone Function: Also known as "salt-retaining hormone".
• Eye Movement Nerves: The optic nerve is not involved in eye movement.
• Long Bone Anatomy: The hollow shaft of a long bone is the diaphysis.
• Forearm Bones: The two forearm bones are the ulna and radius.
• Skin Layer with Melanocytes: Melanocytes are in the epidermis.
• Brain Stem and Vital Centers: Medulla oblongata is a brainstem part responsible for functions, including respiratory, cardiac, and vasomotor.
• Brain Coordination: The cerebellum coordinates equilibrium.
• Somatotropic Hormone (GH): Its most important effect is musculoskeletal system growth.
• Somatic and Parasympathetic Neurotransmitter: Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter for these systems.
• Growth Hormone (GH) Functions: Stimulates musculoskeletal growth. Secreted by the anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis).
• Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Function: Activates osteoclasts.
• Hormones Secreted by the Posterior Pituitary: Oxytocin is one secreted by posterior pituitary.
• Iodine Use in the Body: Iodine is essential for producing thyroid hormones.
• Cerebral White Matter: Heavily myelinated part of the cerebrum.
• Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH): Reduces urine excretion.
• Opposing Function of Calcitonin: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has the opposing function of calcitonin.
• Oxytocin Function: Target organs are the breasts, with function of milk ejection.
• Catecholamines: Includes epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline).
• Adrenaline Effect (Epinephrine) on Alpha-1 Receptors: Vasoconstriction.
• Cranial Nerve II: Optic nerve.
• Calcitonin Secretion Trigger: Elevated plasma calcium levels.
• Hormones Secreted by the Posterior Pituitary: Oxytocin is secreted by posterior pituitary