10 Questions
What role does the media play in the Gatekeeping Theory?
Shaping what news and information is disseminated to the public
Which theory focuses on the mass media's ability to signal to the public what is important?
Agenda-Setting Theory
What does Intermedia Agenda-Setting refer to?
The process where one news source influences another on what is important
Which theory involves shaping the considerations people take into account when making judgments?
Priming Effect
What is an essential step in the Priming Effect process?
Decay of primed information over time
Which effect involves the frequency with which nodes in people's memory are primed?
Repetition Effect
What characterizes the Framing Effect theory?
Shaping how information is presented to influence perceptions
Which theory specifically studies how the news agenda is constructed?
Intermedia Agenda-Setting
'__' refers to the ability of mass media to signal to the public what is important.
'Agenda-Setting Theory'
'Priming Effect' primarily focuses on __.
'Shaping considerations for judgments'
Study Notes
Applicability and Subjective Relevance
- Applicability has both objective and subjective components
- Subjective Relevance is influenced by framing effect, which involves choosing the most relevant elements of a situation to convey its gist
Propaganda Model (PM)
- Developed by Herman and Chomsky (1988)
- Examines how ideological and communicative power connect with economic, political, and social power
- Explores the effects of these connections on media output
5 Filters of Media
- Ownership: owner, size, and profit can influence media behavior
- Advertising Revenue: primary source of revenue for most media types and platforms
- Sourcing of News: media cuts costs by relying on sources with intimate relationships with political and corporate sectors
- Flak or Countermeasures: mechanisms to discipline the media, including prior threat, attack and neutralization, and reinforcement of pro-elite opinions
- Anti-Communism as a Control Mechanism: a dominant ideology that provides the ideological oxygen for the propaganda model to operate
Philippine Media Under Different Regimes
- Arroyo's Administration: 83 journalists killed from 2001-2010 (CMFR)
- Pnoy's Regime: 31 press members killed; Benigno Aquino III requested fair coverage from the media, but did not take control of it (Rappler)
Media Theories
- Gatekeeping Theory: media as gatekeepers of news and information
- Agenda-Setting Theory: media's ability to signal to the public what is important
- Intermedia Agenda-Setting: one news source shaping what another news source will consider important
- Agenda-Building: the study of how the news agenda gets shaped
- Priming Effect: shaping the considerations people take into account when making judgments
-
Steps in Priming:
- Information received through a media channel
- The receiver applies the primed information
- Recency: accessibility of primed information in people's minds decays over time
- Repetition: frequency with which nodes in people's memory are primed
Test your knowledge on media framing, applicability in evaluations, subjective relevance, and the propaganda model proposed by Herman and Chomsky. Explore concepts like frame-building and frame-setting in news stories.
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