MEDBIO 5: General Properties of Viruses Microbiology

What is the term for the smallest infectious agent that contains only one kind of nucleic acid?

Bacteriophage
Viroid
Prion
Virus (correct)

What is the purpose of the coat proteins in a virus?

To facilitate the replication of the viral genome
To assemble to form the capsid and encase the viral nucleic acid (correct)
To recognize and bind to specific host cells
To transcribe the viral genome into messenger RNA

What is the term for the entire infectious unit of a virus?

Nucleocapsid
Virion (correct)
Viral genome
Capsid

What is the size of the RNA genome in Astroviridae?

6.8–7.0 kb (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the lipid-containing membrane in a virus?

To facilitate the attachment and penetration of the virus into the host cell (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the protein-nucleic acid complex that represents the packaged form of the viral genome?

Nucleocapsid (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which family of viruses has a linear, double-stranded, segmented RNA genome?

Reoviridae (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic surface feature of Astroviridae particles?

Star-shaped outline (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the size range of viruses in diameter?

20-300 nm (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which virus family lacks a genome linked protein (VPg)?

Hepeviridae (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of diploid cell lines?

They retain their normal chromosome pattern (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of the particles in Picobirnaviridae?

35–40 nm (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which virus family is associated with gastroenteritis in humans and Colorado tick fever in animals?

Reoviridae (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a cytopathic effect of virus infection?

Hemagglutination (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of hemadsorption?

To detect virus-encoded proteins (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of virus causes focal areas of swollen, rounded cells in monolayers of cultured cells?

Herpesvirus (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a method of detecting virus-specific nucleic acid?

Polymerase chain reaction (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell line is derived from diploid or malignant tissues and can grow indefinitely?

Continuous cell line (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of receptor molecules on the cell's surface?

To determine cell tropism and viral pathogenesis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs shortly after penetration in the viral replication cycle?

Uncoating (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about negative-strand viruses?

They lack enzymes for mRNA synthesis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the morphogenesis step in the viral replication cycle?

Progeny virus formation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the attachment step in the viral replication cycle?

To bind to specific receptor sites (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the synthesis of viral components?

It occurs in a highly organized sequence (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a major concern regarding the use of animal organs as xenografts in humans?

The potential introduction of new viral pathogens (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of bioterrorism agents?

They can be genetically modified to increase virulence (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of a viral agent that could be used for bioterrorism?

Hepatitis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a public health measure that can contribute to the emergence of new viral strains?

Curtailment of prevention programs (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a bacterial agent that could be used for bioterrorism?

Anthrax (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk category of bioterrorism agents?

Viral agents like smallpox and hemorrhagic fevers (A) Signup and view all the answers