MED437 Histology: Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands

<p>Between the follicular cells, in the periphery of the follicle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To store precursor molecules for thyroid hormone synthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are smaller than follicular cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To create a network for nutrient and waste exchange between follicles and capillaries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It consists of numerous lobules, each containing multiple thyroid follicles. (C), It is a highly vascularized gland, with a rich supply of blood vessels and capillaries. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is composed of parafollicular cells. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Secrete parathyroid hormone. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxyphil cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is composed of thin connective tissue with a rich capillary plexus. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parafollicular cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Follicular cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Colloid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The thyroid gland is comprised of numerous follicles, each containing colloid. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase surface area for secretion of thyroglobulin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Apical in thyroid glands and basal in parathyroid glands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Converting iodide ions into iodine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chief cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxyphil cells are larger and less numerous than chief cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calcitonin decreases blood calcium levels, while parathyroid hormone increases it (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presence of chief cells and oxyphil cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The thyroid gland consists of parenchyma (functional units) and stroma (support tissue).

Thyroid follicles are the structural and functional units of the thyroid, lined with epithelium.

Follicular cells are simple cuboidal epithelial cells that line thyroid follicles and produce thyroglobulin.

Parafollicular cells (C-cells) are pale-stained cells found between thyroid follicles, producing calcitonin.

Colloid is a gel-like substance within the thyroid follicles, filled with thyroglobulin.

The epithelium of the thyroid gland is simple cuboidal, allowing for hormone synthesis and secretion.

Each thyroid follicle is surrounded by a thin basal lamina providing structural support.

The parathyroid glands regulate calcium levels in the blood through parathyroid hormone (PTH).

Synthesize thyroid hormones (T4 & T3) and secrete calcitonin.

Organelles that contain enzymes, converting reduced iodine to iodine.

Hormone secreted by the thyroid that lowers blood calcium levels.

Four glands located posterior to the thyroid gland that regulate calcium levels.

Epithelial cells in the parathyroid that secrete parathyroid hormone.

Larger, less numerous cells in parathyroid glands of unknown function.

The epithelium of thyroid follicles is primarily simple cuboidal.

Vesicles located apically in thyroid gland; basal in parathyroid.

Oxyphil cells are known for having abundant mitochondria and being slightly eosinophilic.

Chief cells are basophilic and rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER).

The stroma of the thyroid gland characterized by its thin connective tissue structure filled with blood vessels.

Clear cells or principal cells can both appear as isolated units or in groups.