Med-Terms 13.3 Blood Definitions

Questions and Answers

What does hyperchromia refer to?

Normally pigmented red blood cells

Under-pigmented red blood cells

Excessively pigmented red blood cells (correct)

Breakdown of blood

What is hypochromia?

Under-pigmented red blood cells.

Define normochromia.

Normally pigmented red blood cells.

What is an erythrocyte?

Red blood cell. Signup and view all the answers

What does hemolysis mean?

Breakdown of blood. Signup and view all the answers

What is a hematologist?

Specialist in the study of blood and blood disorders. Signup and view all the answers

Define hematology.

Study of blood and blood disorders. Signup and view all the answers

What is a leukocyte?

White blood cell. Signup and view all the answers

What does myelogenous mean?

Produced by the bone marrow. Signup and view all the answers

Define myeloid.

Resembling bone marrow. Signup and view all the answers

What is a reticulocyte?

A young red blood cell characterized by a network of granules within the cell membrane. Signup and view all the answers

What is a thrombocyte?

Clotting cell; platelet. Signup and view all the answers

What does thrombolysis refer to?

Breakdown of a clot that has formed in the blood. Signup and view all the answers

Define thrombosis.

Blood clot; abnormal condition of clot formation. Signup and view all the answers

What is a hemocytoblast?

Immature blood cell. Signup and view all the answers

What is a lymphoblast?

Immature lymphocyte, type of white blood cell. Signup and view all the answers

Define monoblast.

Immature monocyte, type of white blood cell. Signup and view all the answers

What does hematocrit measure?

The percentage of erythrocytes in a blood sample. Signup and view all the answers

What is anisocytosis?

Increased variation in the size of cells, particularly red blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

What does leukocytosis mean?

Marked increase in the number of white blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

Define poikilocytosis.

Increased variation in the shape of cells, particularly red blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is anemia?

Lack of red blood cells or hemoglobin content in the blood. Signup and view all the answers

Define erythremia.

Abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

What does hyperbilirubinemia indicate?

Above normal levels of bilirubin in the blood. Signup and view all the answers

What does hypercholesterolemia refer to?

Above normal levels of cholesterol in the blood. Signup and view all the answers

Define hyperlipidemia.

Above normal levels of fats in the blood. Signup and view all the answers

What is leukemia?

Malignant increase in the number of white blood cells in the blood. Signup and view all the answers

Define erythrocytopenia.

Decrease in the number of red blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

What does leukocytopenia mean?

Decrease in the number of white blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is pancytopenia?

Decrease in the number of all blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

Define thrombocytopenia.

Decrease in the number of clotting cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is electrophoresis?

A laboratory test in which substances in a mixture, usually proteins, are separated by an electrical current. Signup and view all the answers

Define erythropoiesis.

Production of red blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

What does hematopoiesis refer to?

Production of blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

Define erythropoietin.

A hormone in the kidneys that stimulates the production of red blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is hemostasis?

Stoppage of blood. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hyperchromia: Condition characterized by excessively pigmented red blood cells.
Hypochromia: Refers to under-pigmented red blood cells, indicating potential health issues.
Normochromia: Describes normally pigmented red blood cells, an indicator of healthy blood.

Blood Cell Types

Erythrocyte: Another term for red blood cells, essential for oxygen transport.
Leukocyte: Refers to white blood cells, crucial for the immune response.
Thrombocyte: Also known as platelets, these cells are involved in blood clotting.
Reticulocyte: Immature red blood cell with a network of granules, indicative of erythropoiesis.
Hemocytoblast: An immature blood cell that serves as a precursor to all blood types.
Lymphoblast: Immature form of lymphocyte, a type of white blood cell.
Monoblast: Immature form of monocyte, another type of white blood cell.

Blood Conditions

Hemolysis: Process of breakdown of blood cells which can lead to anemia.
Anemia: A deficiency in red blood cells or hemoglobin, leading to reduced oxygen transport.
Leukemia: Malignant condition marked by increased white blood cell production, classified as a cancer.
Erythremia: Abnormal increase in red blood cell count, potentially leading to health complications.
Leukocytosis: Significant increase in white blood cell count, often indicative of infection or other conditions.
Erythrocytopenia: Decrease in red blood cells, synonymous with erythropenia.
Leukocytopenia: Decrease in white blood cells, also known as leukopenia.
Pancytopenia: Reduction in the number of all types of blood cells, indicating serious health issues.
Thrombocytopenia: Decreased platelet count, affecting clotting ability.

Laboratory Tests and Processes

Hematocrit: Laboratory test that measures the proportion of red blood cells in blood.
Electrophoresis: Laboratory technique for separating proteins in a mixture using an electric current.
Erythropoiesis: The process leading to the production of red blood cells.
Hematopoiesis: General term for the production of all blood cell types.
Hemostasis: The process of blood stoppage to prevent excessive bleeding.

Chemical and Hormonal Factors

Hyperbilirubinemia: Condition with elevated bilirubin levels in the blood, can indicate liver issues.
Hypercholesterolemia: Excess cholesterol in the blood, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
Hyperlipidemia: Elevated levels of fats in the blood, which can lead to various health problems.
Erythropoietin: Kidney-produced hormone that stimulates the formation of red blood cells.

Abnormal Blood Cell Characteristics

Anisocytosis: Increased variability in the size of blood cells, particularly red blood cells.
Poikilocytosis: Increased variation in the shape of blood cells, particularly red blood cells, which can indicate disease.

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Test your knowledge of medical terminology related to blood with this flashcard quiz. You'll explore key terms such as hyperchromia, hypochromia, and erythrocyte to understand their meanings and definitions. Perfect for students in health sciences or anyone interested in expanding their medical vocabulary!