45 Questions
Which membrane of the host cell is involved in the formation of the envelope of herpes viruses?
Plasma
What type of molecule is most commonly found on the surface of animal viruses for interacting with host cell receptors?
Glycoprotein
Which type of virus does not use RNA as its genome?
Poxvirus
What is the term for a viral infection in which the virus remains dormant for a period before becoming active again?
Latent
How does phage T4 protect its DNA from cleavage by host restriction enzymes?
By substituting glucosylated hydroxymethylcytosine for cytosine
Is integration of the viral genome into the host chromosome required for lysogeny?
Always
Which protein is required for the establishment and maintenance of lysogeny in cells infected with the temperate bacteriophage lambda?
Lambda repressor
What is the term for the latent form of a bacteriophage genome that exists when a phage establishes lysogeny?
Prophage
What type of bacteriophages only exhibit lytic replication cycles?
Virulent
What is the characteristic of C.G+C content in the bacterial genome?
It is similar to the rest of the genome
What is the primary function of the mucociliary escalator in the lungs?
To move trapped organisms away from the lungs by ciliary action
What is the characteristic of the skin surface (epidermis) in relation to microorganisms?
It is a very favorable environment for colonization
What is the characteristic of cervical mucus in relation to bacteria?
It has antibacterial activity
What are pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) examples of?
Lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan
What is the function of the B subunit in AB toxins?
To bind to host cell receptors
What is not a way in which fever augments the host's defenses?
Inhibition of growth by increasing the availability of iron
What is the role of cytokines in the immune system?
They play key roles in both specific and non-specific immunity
What is the characteristic of the replicative form of phage phiX174?
Direct the synthesis of minus-stranded DNA and plus-stranded DNA
What is the primary function of turbulent airflow in the lungs?
To deposit airborne pathogens on sticky mucosal surfaces
Which group of viruses is responsible for causing severe diarrhea, resulting in over 600,000 deaths worldwide annually?
Rotaviruses
What is the characteristic of almost all known plant viruses?
They are RNA viruses
For bacteriophage to be released from the host by a lysis mechanism, what is required?
Enzymes that damage the cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane
What molecule must retroviruses first make in order to complete an infection?
dsDNA
What is an organism that can cause disease in the host after direct interaction?
Primary pathogen
What are inanimate materials involved in pathogen transmission called?
Fomites
What does infection specifically refer to?
The multiplication of a pathogen on or within a host
What are pathogenicity islands typically associated with?
Genes encoding rRNA
What is the primary mode of transmission for Diphtheria?
Fecal-oral route
A propagated epidemic is characterized by:
Person-to-person transmission
What is the therapeutic dose of an antimicrobial drug?
The concentration that produces the desired clinical effect
Which of the following statements is true about the minimal lethal concentration (MLC) of a drug?
It is the lowest concentration that kills a particular pathogen
What is the primary mechanism of action of a bacteriostatic drug?
Inhibiting microbial growth
What is the therapeutic index of a drug?
The ratio of the toxic dose to the therapeutic dose
Which of the following is an example of a propagated epidemic?
Legionnaires' disease
What is the primary mode of transmission for Lyme disease?
Vector-borne
Which of the following statements is false about the formation of the envelope of herpes viruses?
The host cell nuclear membrane is involved in the formation of the envelope
What is the term for the reactivated form of chickenpox?
Herpes zoster
What is the primary location of Legionella pneumophila in the human body?
In alveolar macrophages
What is the most likely cause of the rash associated with German measles?
An immunological reaction to the virus
How is diphtheria typically treated?
With antitoxin and antibiotics
What is the name of the small red lesions with a white center that form in the mouth and are associated with measles?
Koplik's spots
Why is Legionnaires' disease named as such?
It was first identified at a convention of the American Legion
What type of pathogens do not stimulate cell-mediated immunity as effectively as attenuated pathogens?
Inactivated pathogens
What is the virus that causes chickenpox?
Varicella
When is an infection considered nosocomial?
When it develops clinical symptoms during the patient's stay in a health care facility
Practice test for exams 3 and 4 of MCB 3020 General Microbiology course at FAU Boca Raton. Test your knowledge of viruses, host cell interactions, and molecular biology. Prepare for your exams with this practice quiz!
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
