MCB 3020 General Microbiology Practice Test: Exams 3 and 4
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Questions and Answers

Which membrane of the host cell is involved in the formation of the envelope of herpes viruses?

  • Golgi apparatus
  • Mitochondrial
  • Plasma (correct)
  • Endoplasmic reticulum

What type of molecule is most commonly found on the surface of animal viruses for interacting with host cell receptors?

  • Glycolipid
  • Glycoprotein (correct)
  • Lipoprotein
  • Phospholipid

Which type of virus does not use RNA as its genome?

  • Poxvirus (correct)
  • Picornavirus
  • Rhabdovirus
  • Retrovirus

What is the term for a viral infection in which the virus remains dormant for a period before becoming active again?

<p>Latent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does phage T4 protect its DNA from cleavage by host restriction enzymes?

<p>By substituting glucosylated hydroxymethylcytosine for cytosine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is integration of the viral genome into the host chromosome required for lysogeny?

<p>Always (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein is required for the establishment and maintenance of lysogeny in cells infected with the temperate bacteriophage lambda?

<p>Lambda repressor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the latent form of a bacteriophage genome that exists when a phage establishes lysogeny?

<p>Prophage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bacteriophages only exhibit lytic replication cycles?

<p>Virulent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of C.G+C content in the bacterial genome?

<p>It is similar to the rest of the genome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mucociliary escalator in the lungs?

<p>To move trapped organisms away from the lungs by ciliary action (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the skin surface (epidermis) in relation to microorganisms?

<p>It is a very favorable environment for colonization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of cervical mucus in relation to bacteria?

<p>It has antibacterial activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) examples of?

<p>Lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the B subunit in AB toxins?

<p>To bind to host cell receptors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is not a way in which fever augments the host's defenses?

<p>Inhibition of growth by increasing the availability of iron (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cytokines in the immune system?

<p>They play key roles in both specific and non-specific immunity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the replicative form of phage phiX174?

<p>Direct the synthesis of minus-stranded DNA and plus-stranded DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of turbulent airflow in the lungs?

<p>To deposit airborne pathogens on sticky mucosal surfaces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of viruses is responsible for causing severe diarrhea, resulting in over 600,000 deaths worldwide annually?

<p>Rotaviruses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of almost all known plant viruses?

<p>They are RNA viruses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For bacteriophage to be released from the host by a lysis mechanism, what is required?

<p>Enzymes that damage the cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What molecule must retroviruses first make in order to complete an infection?

<p>dsDNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an organism that can cause disease in the host after direct interaction?

<p>Primary pathogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are inanimate materials involved in pathogen transmission called?

<p>Fomites (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does infection specifically refer to?

<p>The multiplication of a pathogen on or within a host (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are pathogenicity islands typically associated with?

<p>Genes encoding rRNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for Diphtheria?

<p>Fecal-oral route (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A propagated epidemic is characterized by:

<p>Person-to-person transmission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic dose of an antimicrobial drug?

<p>The concentration that produces the desired clinical effect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about the minimal lethal concentration (MLC) of a drug?

<p>It is the lowest concentration that kills a particular pathogen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of a bacteriostatic drug?

<p>Inhibiting microbial growth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic index of a drug?

<p>The ratio of the toxic dose to the therapeutic dose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a propagated epidemic?

<p>Legionnaires' disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for Lyme disease?

<p>Vector-borne (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is false about the formation of the envelope of herpes viruses?

<p>The host cell nuclear membrane is involved in the formation of the envelope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the reactivated form of chickenpox?

<p>Herpes zoster (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary location of Legionella pneumophila in the human body?

<p>In alveolar macrophages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause of the rash associated with German measles?

<p>An immunological reaction to the virus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is diphtheria typically treated?

<p>With antitoxin and antibiotics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the small red lesions with a white center that form in the mouth and are associated with measles?

<p>Koplik's spots (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Legionnaires' disease named as such?

<p>It was first identified at a convention of the American Legion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of pathogens do not stimulate cell-mediated immunity as effectively as attenuated pathogens?

<p>Inactivated pathogens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the virus that causes chickenpox?

<p>Varicella (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is an infection considered nosocomial?

<p>When it develops clinical symptoms during the patient's stay in a health care facility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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