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Questions and Answers

Which type of vision are rods specialized for?

  • Day vision
  • Central vision
  • Peripheral vision
  • Night vision (correct)

    • Which type of vision are cones specialized for?

  • Night vision
  • Day vision (correct)
  • Peripheral vision
  • Central vision

    • Which type of photoreceptor has higher sensitivity to scattered light?

  • Photosensitive ganglion cells
  • Cones
  • Both rods and cones
  • Rods (correct)

    • Which type of photoreceptor has higher acuity?

    <p>Cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pigment is present in rods?

    <p>Rhodopsin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pigment is present in cones?

    <p>Photopsin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pigment is sensitive to a different part of the visible spectrum?

    <p>Photopsin type II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells in the retina are responsible for night vision?

    <p>Rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cones in the retina?

    <p>Detecting detail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area of the retina has the highest visual acuity?

    <p>Central fovea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ratio of cones to ganglion cells in the central fovea?

    <p>1:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many rods are there in each retina?

    <p>100 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells in the retina are responsible for color vision?

    <p>Cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the ganglion cells in the retina?

    <p>Transmitting neural signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells in the retina use electrotonic potentials instead of action potentials to move current along their membranes?

    <p>Cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of horizontal cells in the retina?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ganglion cells in the retina?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of color blindness affects both men and women equally?

    <p>Blue color blindness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the optic disc in the eye?

    <p>Point where ganglion cell axons exit the eye to form the optic nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to sodium channels in photoreceptors in response to light?

    <p>They close</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of the receptor potential in rods compared to cones?

    <p>Rods have a longer duration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells are involved in the direct pathway from rods to bipolar cells to amacrine cells to ganglion cells?

    <p>Amacrine cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of amacrine cells?

    <p>To analyze visual signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ganglion cells project to the parvocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the thalamus?

    <p>P cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ganglion cells are more sensitive to low contrast black and white stimuli?

    <p>M cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary target of amacrine cells?

    <p>Ganglion cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells release inhibitory transmitters such as GABA or glycine?

    <p>Amacrine cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do some amacrine cells respond strongly to?

    <p>Onset of the visual signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do some amacrine cells respond to?

    <p>Extinguishment of the signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the optic cup?

    <p>To depress the optic disc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells are responsible for color vision in the retina?

    <p>Cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ratio of cones to ganglion cells in the central fovea?

    <p>1:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of rods in the retina?

    <p>Night vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the fovea in the retina?

    <p>Detecting detail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the area of greatest visual acuity in the retina?

    <p>Cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many rods are there in each retina?

    <p>100 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must light pass through to activate light-sensitive rods and cones in the retina?

    <p>Neural elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of vision are rods specialized for?

    <p>Night vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of amacrine cells?

    <p>To enhance contrast and detect motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells in the retina use electrotonic potentials instead of action potentials to move current along their membranes?

    <p>Amacrine cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the optic disc in the eye?

    <p>To serve as the exit point for the optic nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pigment is sensitive to a different part of the visible spectrum?

    <p>Photopsin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ratio of cones to ganglion cells in the central fovea?

    <p>1:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to sodium channels in photoreceptors in response to light?

    <p>They close, preventing sodium ions from entering the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of color blindness affects both men and women equally?

    <p>Tritanomaly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the optic disc in the eye?

    <p>To serve as the exit point for ganglion cell axons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of the receptor potential in rods compared to cones?

    <p>Rods have a longer receptor potential duration than cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells in the retina use electrotonic potentials instead of action potentials to move current along their membranes?

    <p>Horizontal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of amacrine cells in the retina?

    <p>To enhance visual contrast through lateral inhibition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to sodium channels in photoreceptors in response to light?

    <p>They close, causing hyperpolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of photoreceptor has higher sensitivity to scattered light?

    <p>Rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells in the retina release inhibitory transmitters such as GABA or glycine?

    <p>Amacrine cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ganglion cells project to the parvocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the thalamus?

    <p>P cells (parvocellular cells)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ganglion cells are more sensitive to low contrast black and white stimuli?

    <p>M cells (magnocellular cells)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells respond strongly to the onset of the visual signal?

    <p>Some amacrine cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells respond to the extinguishment of the visual signal?

    <p>Some amacrine cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells respond to movement of a light signal across the retina?

    <p>Some amacrine cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ganglion cells are sensitive to specific directions of motion or orientation?

    <p>Some ganglion cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ganglion cells are sensitive to increases or decreases in light?

    <p>Some ganglion cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ganglion cells are sensitive to fine detail?

    <p>Some ganglion cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

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