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Questions and Answers
Which god was associated with creation, wisdom, and celestial realms?
What was Ixchel, the moon goddess, associated with?
What system did the Maya use for their mathematics?
How did the Maya improve their soil for farming?
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What did the Maya build to mark special days?
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How did the Maya organize their cities?
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What was a key economic activity of the Maya civilization?
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Which farming technique was commonly used by Maya farmers for efficient agriculture?
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Where was Copán located, one of the key settlements in the Mayan society?
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What materials were highly valued in the Mayan trading activities?
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What was the role of the Elite Class in the Mayan society's political structure?
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Which city was renowned for its towering pyramids and advanced urban planning in ancient Mesoamerica?
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Study Notes
Mayan Gods and Goddesses
- Itzamna: supreme god associated with creation, wisdom, and celestial realms
- Kukulkan: associated with wind, water, and agriculture
- Chaak: god of rain, lightning, and storms
- Ixchel: moon goddess associated with fertility, healing, and weaving
- Ah Fuch: god of death and the afterlife
- Ek Chuah: god of trade and merchant
- Yamil Kaxob: associated with agriculture and fertility
Mayan Achievements
- Water Management: developed systems to collect and move water for farming and daily use, including big tanks and hidden pipes
- Math: used a system with 20 as the base and invented the concept of zero
- Astronomy: closely observed the stars and built structures aligned with them, marking special days
Mayan Agriculture
- Developed clever methods such as terraced fields on slopes and burning old plants to make the soil better
- Grew a variety of crops, including maize (corn), beans, squash, avocados, chili peppers, and cacao
Mayan Architecture and Cities
- Built pyramids, temples, and cities with open spaces for events and games
- Cities were laid out smartly with different areas for living, ceremonies, and work
- Notable cities include Tikal, Palenque, Copán, and Calakmul
Mayan Society
- Flourished in ancient Mesoamerica (Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, and El Salvador)
- Had a political structure composed of city-states ruled by queens and kings
- Social hierarchy consisted of Elite Class, King/Queen, Council/Priests, Nobles, Commoners, Artisans/Merchants, and Farmers
Mayan Economy
- Maize (corn) served as a primary food source
- Engaged in local and regional trading, exchanging pottery, obsidian, jade, and textiles
- Long-distance trade occurred between other Mesoamerican regions
- Cacao beans were highly valued
- Skilled artisans produced pottery, textiles, and elaborate jewelry
- Craftsmen made jewelry, statues, and weapons
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Description
Explore the flourishing Mayan society in ancient Mesoamerica, including key settlements like Tikal, Palenque, Copán, and Calakmul. Learn about their advanced urban planning, architecture, sculpture, and political structure. Discover the rich history and cultural achievements of the Maya civilization.
