XPath in Selenium WebDriver: Complete Tutorial (easy)

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Questions and Answers

Which type of locator is used to find elements by their ID?

  • XPath (correct)
  • Link text
  • Classname
  • Name

What is the key characteristic of Absolute XPath?

  • It begins with a single forward slash (/)
  • It starts with double forward slash (//)
  • It can search elements anywhere on the webpage
  • It is a complete path from the root element (correct)

Which type of XPath expression is preferred as it is not a complete path from the root element?

  • Contains()
  • Relative XPath (correct)
  • Absolute XPath
  • Basic XPath

Which method is used to find dynamic elements in Selenium WebDriver?

<p>ancestor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Contains() method do in XPath expression?

<p>Finds elements with partial text (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What attribute can be used in the Contains() method to find elements with partial value?

<p>Type (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of XPath expression is used to select nodes based on attributes like ID, Name, and Classname?

<p>Basic XPath (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes XPath in Selenium?

<p>XPath is used for navigation through the HTML structure of a web page. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of documents can XPath be used for in Selenium?

<p>Both HTML and XML documents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When would XPath be used in Selenium automation?

<p>When elements are not found by general locators like id, class, name, etc. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic format of XPath in Selenium?

<p>XPath=//tagname[@attribute='value'] (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the '@' symbol represent in XPath?

<p>Select attribute (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the '//' symbol represent in XPath?

<p>Select any descendant node (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of XPath in Selenium?

<p>To navigate through the HTML structure of a web page (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which axis is used to select all children elements of the current node in XPath?

<p>Child (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which axis is used to select all nodes that come before the current node in XPath?

<p>Preceding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which axis is used to select the following siblings of the context node in XPath?

<p>Following-sibling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which axis is used to select the parent of the current node in XPath?

<p>Parent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which axis is used to select the current node itself in XPath?

<p>Self (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which axis is used to select the descendants of the current node in XPath?

<p>Descendant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of Selenium XPath?

<p>Absolute XPath and Relative XPath (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of XPath is used to find an element on the web page based on its attributes?

<p>Absolute XPath (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are XPath Axes used for?

<p>To find dynamic elements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which attribute value is used in the XPath expression '//*[contains(@id,'message')]'?

<p>id (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the XPath expression '//*[contains(text(),'here')]' find?

<p>Links that have the text 'here' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an OR expression, what is the condition for an element to be selected?

<p>At least one condition should be true (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the XPath expression '//input[@type='submit' and @name='btnLogin']' find?

<p>Elements with the attribute 'type' equal to 'submit' and the attribute 'name' equal to 'btnLogin' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the XPath expression '//label[starts-with(@id,'message')]' find?

<p>Elements with the attribute 'id' starting with 'message' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the XPath text() function locate elements based on?

<p>The text of the element (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the XPath expression '//*[text()='UserID']' find?

<p>Elements with the text 'UserID' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Locator Types

  • ID is used to find elements by their ID using the By.Id locator.
  • Absolute XPath is characterized by its complete path from the root element.
  • Relative XPath is preferred as it is not a complete path from the root element.

XPath Expression

  • Contains() method is used to find elements with partial values.
  • Contains() method can be used with attributes like id, name, etc.
  • XPath expression is used to select nodes based on attributes like ID, Name, and Classname.
  • XPath expression //*[contains(@id,'message')] is used to find elements with partial id value.
  • XPath expression //*[contains(text(),'here')] is used to find elements with text containing 'here'.

XPath in Selenium

  • XPath is used to find dynamic elements in Selenium WebDriver.
  • XPath can be used for XML and HTML documents in Selenium.
  • XPath is used in Selenium automation when other locators fail.
  • Basic format of XPath in Selenium is //tagname[@attribute='value'].
  • @ symbol represents attribute in XPath.
  • // symbol represents relative path in XPath.

XPath Purpose and Axes

  • XPath is used to locate elements on a web page in Selenium.
  • XPath axes are used to navigate the XML document.
  • child axis is used to select all children elements of the current node.
  • preceding axis is used to select all nodes that come before the current node.
  • following-sibling axis is used to select the following siblings of the context node.
  • parent axis is used to select the parent of the current node.
  • self axis is used to select the current node itself.
  • descendant axis is used to select the descendants of the current node.

XPath Types

  • There are two types of Selenium XPath: Absolute and Relative.
  • Attribute-based XPath is used to find an element on the web page based on its attributes.
  • XPath Axes are used to navigate the XML document.

XPath Expressions

  • In an OR expression, an element is selected if either condition is true.
  • XPath expression //input[@type='submit' and @name='btnLogin'] finds an input element with type submit and name btnLogin.
  • XPath expression //label[starts-with(@id,'message')] finds a label element with id starting with 'message'.
  • XPath text() function locates elements based on their text content.
  • XPath expression //*[text()='UserID'] finds an element with text content UserID.

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