MSK2 - Vertebral Column and Thoracic Cavity
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Questions and Answers

Which part of the vertebral column contains the odontoid process?

  • Lumbar vertebrae
  • Axis (C2) (correct)
  • Atlas (C1)
  • Thoracic vertebrae

    • What is the function of the intervertebral discs?

  • To connect adjacent vertebrae
  • To provide support for the thoracic cavity
  • To protect the spinal cord
  • To allow for movement between vertebrae (correct)

    • Which part of the vertebral column contains the transverse coastal facets for articulation with the ribs?

  • Cervical vertebrae
  • Sacrum
  • Thoracic vertebrae (correct)
  • Lumbar vertebrae

    • Which of the following is NOT a classification of ribs?

    <p>Atypical ribs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament limits backward bending and supports the vertebral column?

    <p>Anterior Longitudinal Ligament (ALL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint in the vertebral column is a synovial joint?

    <p>Zygapophysial (facet) joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament attaches the odontoid process of the axis to the front of the body of the atlas?

    <p>Anterior Atlantoaxial Ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is formed between the occipital bone and the atlas?

    <p>Synovial condyloid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament divides the costovertebral joint into two cavities?

    <p>Intra-articular ligament of head of rib</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is formed between the tubercle of a rib and the adjacent transverse process?

    <p>Diarthrodial joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cervical spine has ____vertebrae

    <p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The thoracic spine has ____ vertebrae

    <p>12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The lumbar spine has ____ vertebrae

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A newborn spine is said to be ______

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    Primary curvatures include ________ and _______

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    Secondary curvatures include _______ and _________

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    __________ describes concentric rings of fibrocartilage that connect adjacent vertebral bodies and secure nucleus of intervertebral discs

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    _____________ is a semi-gelatinous mass that acts as shock absorber (made of collagen fibers) in intervertebral discs

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    In what areas are there no intervertebral discs?

    <p>atlas + skull atlas + dens sacral and coccygeal segments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ___________ foramen is formed by the body, pedicle, lamina and SP's of vertebrae and houses the __________ vs. the _____________ foramen is formed by __________ and houses exiting _____________

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    What is NOT a characteristic of a typical cervical vertebrae?

    <p>Costal facet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the three main features of the atlas (C1) that make it atypical from normal cervical vertebrae

    <p>no body, laminae or pedicles anterior and posterior arches lateral masses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the main difference that sets apart the axis (C2) from typical cervical vertebrae

    <p>large odontoid process (dense axis) - use for pivot and rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The main feature that sets apart thoracic vertebrae from other vertebrae is:

    <p>costal facets for rib articulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Characteristics of lumbar vertebrae include:

    <p>all of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    __________ are ribs 1-7 which have direct attachment to the sternum

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    False ribs are ribs _____ to____ which have an indirect attachment to the sternum by fusing to the ___________ of rib 7

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    Free/floating ribs include ribs _____ where they have no attachment to the sternum

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    The ________________________ is formed by junction of manubrium and body of sternum in the form of a cartilaginous joint; marks level of 2nd pair of costal cartilages and level of intervertebral disc between _________

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    _______________________ is a large, visible dip where clavicle and first rib join the sternum and it is part of the manubrium

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    The articular portion of the rib tubercle is a facet that articulates with __________ vs. the non-articular portion attaches to _______________

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    What ribs are atypical?

    <p>1, 2, 10, 11 and 12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Intervertebral joints are considered:

    <p>amphiarthrodial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The two ligaments that support joint 1 of the intervertebral joint where the bodies articulate with each other via intervertebral discs are:

    <p>anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) and posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The zygapophysial (facet) joints of the intervertebral joints is considered what type of joint?

    <p>diarthrodial (synovial) - planar joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four ligaments that support the zygapophysial joints within the intervertebral joints?

    <p>ligamenta flava supraspinous ligament infraspinous ligament intertransverse ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ ligament is between transverse processes and is part of the zygapophysial joint

    <p>intertransverse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ___________ connects laminae of adjacent vertebrae

    <p>ligamenta flava</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ________ ligament connects apices of spinous processes within the zygapophysial joint

    <p>supraspinous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _________ ligament connects adjoining spinous processes in the zygapophysial joint

    <p>interspinous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The two sets of craniovertebral joints include:

    <p>atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The atlantoaxial joint consists of two ______________ joints and one ___________ joint

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    Lateral atlantoaxial joints are _____________ types of joints

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    Medial atlantoaxial joints are ________ types of joints

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    What are the five main ligaments that support the atlantoaxial joint?

    <p>anterior atlantoaxial ligament posterior atlantoaxial ligament cruciate ligament of the atlas tectorial membrane alar ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The atlantooccipital joint is what type of joint? What are the two actions it can do?

    <p>synovial condyloid</p> <ul> <li>flexion and extension</li> <li>slight lateral flexion and rotation</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three main ligaments that support the atlantooccipital joints?

    <p>anterior atlantooccipital membrane posterior atlantooccipital membrane articular capsules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    __________ are joints between uncinate processes of cervical vertebrae (C3-C7

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    Uncovertebral joints of Luschka are _____________ types of joints and can do ______________ movements. They work to limit ________________ of the cervical spine

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    The ______________ joint is the articulation of head of ribs with facets on the sides of the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae and with the intervertebral discs between them

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    The ___________ joint is formed between tubercle of rib with articular surface on adjacent transverse process

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    Both costotransverse and costovertebral joints are ____________ types of joints

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    The ____________ joint is where the the cartilages of the true ribs articulate with the sternum

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    What ligaments are associated with the sternocostal joint?

    <p>Anterior and posterior radiate sternocostal ligaments: broad and thin membranous bands that radiate from front and back of the sternal ends of the cartilages of the true ribs to the anterior and posterior surfaces of the sternum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ___________ joints are where the lateral end of each costal cartilage is received into a depression in the sternal end of the rib

    <p>costochondral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Each rib touches ___ vertebral bodies and ____ transverse process

    <p>2 vertebral bodies ; 1 TP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What joints are responsible for moving the ribs superiorly and laterally (bucket handle motion)?

    <p>sternocostal, costovertebral, costotransverse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint is responsible for pulling the sternum in the superior direction (pump handle motion)?

    <p>sternocostal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Vertebral Column Structure

    • The odontoid process is located in the cervical spine.
    • The intervertebral discs function as shock absorbers and connect adjacent vertebral bodies.
    • The thoracic spine contains the transverse costal facets for articulation with the ribs.

    Rib Classification

    • There is no classification of ribs as " flotation ribs".

    Ligaments of the Vertebral Column

    • The ligamentum flavum limits backward bending and supports the vertebral column.
    • The apical ligament attaches the odontoid process of the axis to the front of the body of the atlas.
    • The ligamentum nuchae divides the costovertebral joint into two cavities.

    Joints of the Vertebral Column

    • The atlanto-occipital joint is a synovial joint.
    • The joint between the tubercle of a rib and the adjacent transverse process is a synovial joint.
    • The vertebral column contains synovial joints, including the atlanto-occipital joint and the joints between the tubercle of a rib and the adjacent transverse process.

    Spinal Regions

    • The cervical spine has 7 vertebrae.
    • The thoracic spine has 12 vertebrae.
    • The lumbar spine has 5 vertebrae.
    • A newborn spine is said to be C-shaped.
    • Primary curvatures include thoracic and sacral curvatures, and secondary curvatures include cervical and lumbar curvatures.

    Intervertebral Discs

    • Intervertebral discs are composed of concentric rings of fibrocartilage that connect adjacent vertebral bodies and secure the nucleus of intervertebral discs.
    • The nucleus of intervertebral discs is a semi-gelatinous mass that acts as a shock absorber.
    • There are no intervertebral discs in the atlas (C1) and axis (C2).

    Vertebrae Characteristics

    • The atlas (C1) is atypical, with three main features: no body, no spinous process, and no intervertebral discs.
    • The axis (C2) is atypical, with the main feature being the odontoid process.
    • The main feature that sets apart thoracic vertebrae from other vertebrae is the presence of transverse costal facets.
    • Characteristics of lumbar vertebrae include large, sturdy bodies and short, stout spinous processes.

    Rib Classification

    • True ribs include ribs 1-7, which have direct attachment to the sternum.
    • False ribs include ribs 8-12, which have an indirect attachment to the sternum by fusing to the 7th rib.
    • Free or floating ribs include ribs 11-12, which have no attachment to the sternum.

    Sternum and Ribs

    • The sternal angle is formed by the junction of the manubrium and body of the sternum in the form of a cartilaginous joint.
    • The jugular notch is a large, visible dip where the clavicle and first rib join the sternum and is part of the manubrium.
    • The articular portion of the rib tubercle articulates with the transverse process, while the non-articular portion attaches to the ligamentum nuchae.

    Atypical Ribs

    • Ribs 1, 2, 11, and 12 are atypical.

    Intervertebral Joints

    • Intervertebral joints are considered synovial joints.
    • The two ligaments that support the first joint of the intervertebral joint where the bodies articulate with each other via intervertebral discs are the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments.
    • The zygapophysial (facet) joints of the intervertebral joints are considered synovial joints.
    • The four ligaments that support the zygapophysial joints within the intervertebral joints are the ligamentum flavum, interspinous ligament, supraspinous ligament, and intertransverse ligament.

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    BMS100_Vertebral Column and Thoracic.docx

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the functions and structure of the vertebral column and thoracic cavity in this BMS100 quiz. Learn about the different regions, vertebrae counts, and curvatures of the spine. Assess your understanding of how these components contribute to posture, support, locomotion, and protection for the spinal cord and roots.

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