Mastering Drug Dosage
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the most likely cause of Mr. F.'s botulism?

  • Being exposed to a sick person
  • Eating contaminated food at a restaurant
  • Drinking contaminated water
  • Eating spoiled asparagus from his own garden (correct)
  • What symptom did Mr. F. experience that prompted him to go to the hospital?

  • Severe headache
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Double vision (correct)
  • What was the outcome of Mr. F.'s hospitalization?

  • He required a respirator to breathe
  • He fully recovered (correct)
  • His condition worsened
  • He developed complications
  • Which route of drug administration is commonly used to treat lung disorders?

    <p>Inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of drug administration involves placing the drug beneath the tongue?

    <p>Sublingual administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of drug administration involves injecting the drug directly into the brain?

    <p>Intracerebral administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of drug administration involves absorbing the drug directly through the skin?

    <p>Topical administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of drug administration is the fastest and allows the drug to reach the brain within a few seconds?

    <p>Intravenous (IV) injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of drug administration is the most common for administering drugs to small laboratory animals?

    <p>Intraperitoneal (IP) injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which section of the chapter discusses the specific neurotransmitters and neuromodulators and the physiological and behavioral effects of specific drugs that interact with them?

    <p>Sites of Drug Actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed within the body, metabolized, and excreted called?

    <p>Pharmacokinetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a way in which drugs exert their effects in the central nervous system?

    <p>Binding with enzymes involved in neurotransmitter production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between a drug's affinity and its effectiveness?

    <p>A drug with high affinity is more effective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal pattern of effects for a drug?

    <p>High affinity for therapeutic effects and low affinity for toxic side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of drug administration allows for the most rapid effects on the brain?

    <p>Intravenous injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor determines the rate at which a drug in the bloodstream reaches sites of action within the brain?

    <p>Lipid solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is more lipid soluble: heroin or morphine?

    <p>Heroin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best way to measure the effectiveness of a drug?

    <p>Plotting a dose-response curve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the generally accepted definition of a drug in pharmacology?

    <p>A chemical that significantly alters the functions of certain cells of the body when taken in relatively low doses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the word 'exogenous' in the context of pharmacology?

    <p>Produced from outside the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT classified as a drug according to the definition provided in the text?

    <p>Neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the effects of opiates like morphine and heroin on the body?

    <p>Decreased sensitivity to pain, slowing of the digestive system, muscular relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best explains why a heavier subject will require a larger quantity of a drug to achieve the same concentration as a smaller subject?

    <p>Heavier subjects have a larger blood volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the dose of a drug reaches the point of maximum effect?

    <p>Increasing the dose does not produce any more effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the dose-response curve for a drug's therapeutic effects and that for its adverse side effects called?

    <p>Margin of safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapeutic index of a drug?

    <p>The ratio of the toxic dose to the effective dose</p> Signup and view all the answers

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