Mastering Drug Dosage
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the most likely cause of Mr. F.'s botulism?

  • Being exposed to a sick person
  • Eating contaminated food at a restaurant
  • Drinking contaminated water
  • Eating spoiled asparagus from his own garden (correct)

What symptom did Mr. F. experience that prompted him to go to the hospital?

  • Severe headache
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Double vision (correct)

What was the outcome of Mr. F.'s hospitalization?

  • He required a respirator to breathe
  • He fully recovered (correct)
  • His condition worsened
  • He developed complications

Which route of drug administration is commonly used to treat lung disorders?

<p>Inhalation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of drug administration involves placing the drug beneath the tongue?

<p>Sublingual administration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of drug administration involves injecting the drug directly into the brain?

<p>Intracerebral administration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of drug administration involves absorbing the drug directly through the skin?

<p>Topical administration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of drug administration is the fastest and allows the drug to reach the brain within a few seconds?

<p>Intravenous (IV) injection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of drug administration is the most common for administering drugs to small laboratory animals?

<p>Intraperitoneal (IP) injection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which section of the chapter discusses the specific neurotransmitters and neuromodulators and the physiological and behavioral effects of specific drugs that interact with them?

<p>Sites of Drug Actions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed within the body, metabolized, and excreted called?

<p>Pharmacokinetics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a way in which drugs exert their effects in the central nervous system?

<p>Binding with enzymes involved in neurotransmitter production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between a drug's affinity and its effectiveness?

<p>A drug with high affinity is more effective (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal pattern of effects for a drug?

<p>High affinity for therapeutic effects and low affinity for toxic side effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of drug administration allows for the most rapid effects on the brain?

<p>Intravenous injection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor determines the rate at which a drug in the bloodstream reaches sites of action within the brain?

<p>Lipid solubility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is more lipid soluble: heroin or morphine?

<p>Heroin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way to measure the effectiveness of a drug?

<p>Plotting a dose-response curve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the generally accepted definition of a drug in pharmacology?

<p>A chemical that significantly alters the functions of certain cells of the body when taken in relatively low doses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of the word 'exogenous' in the context of pharmacology?

<p>Produced from outside the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT classified as a drug according to the definition provided in the text?

<p>Neurotransmitters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the effects of opiates like morphine and heroin on the body?

<p>Decreased sensitivity to pain, slowing of the digestive system, muscular relaxation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best explains why a heavier subject will require a larger quantity of a drug to achieve the same concentration as a smaller subject?

<p>Heavier subjects have a larger blood volume (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the dose of a drug reaches the point of maximum effect?

<p>Increasing the dose does not produce any more effect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the dose-response curve for a drug's therapeutic effects and that for its adverse side effects called?

<p>Margin of safety (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic index of a drug?

<p>The ratio of the toxic dose to the effective dose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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