26 Questions
Which of the following is the most likely cause of Mr. F.'s botulism?
Eating spoiled asparagus from his own garden
What symptom did Mr. F. experience that prompted him to go to the hospital?
Double vision
What was the outcome of Mr. F.'s hospitalization?
He fully recovered
Which route of drug administration is commonly used to treat lung disorders?
Inhalation
Which route of drug administration involves placing the drug beneath the tongue?
Sublingual administration
Which route of drug administration involves injecting the drug directly into the brain?
Intracerebral administration
Which route of drug administration involves absorbing the drug directly through the skin?
Topical administration
Which route of drug administration is the fastest and allows the drug to reach the brain within a few seconds?
Intravenous (IV) injection
Which route of drug administration is the most common for administering drugs to small laboratory animals?
Intraperitoneal (IP) injection
Which section of the chapter discusses the specific neurotransmitters and neuromodulators and the physiological and behavioral effects of specific drugs that interact with them?
Sites of Drug Actions
What is the process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed within the body, metabolized, and excreted called?
Pharmacokinetics
Which of the following is NOT a way in which drugs exert their effects in the central nervous system?
Binding with enzymes involved in neurotransmitter production
What is the relationship between a drug's affinity and its effectiveness?
A drug with high affinity is more effective
What is the ideal pattern of effects for a drug?
High affinity for therapeutic effects and low affinity for toxic side effects
Which route of drug administration allows for the most rapid effects on the brain?
Intravenous injection
Which factor determines the rate at which a drug in the bloodstream reaches sites of action within the brain?
Lipid solubility
Which drug is more lipid soluble: heroin or morphine?
Heroin
What is the best way to measure the effectiveness of a drug?
Plotting a dose-response curve
Which of the following is the generally accepted definition of a drug in pharmacology?
A chemical that significantly alters the functions of certain cells of the body when taken in relatively low doses
What is the meaning of the word 'exogenous' in the context of pharmacology?
Produced from outside the body
Which of the following is NOT classified as a drug according to the definition provided in the text?
Neurotransmitters
What are the effects of opiates like morphine and heroin on the body?
Decreased sensitivity to pain, slowing of the digestive system, muscular relaxation
Which of the following best explains why a heavier subject will require a larger quantity of a drug to achieve the same concentration as a smaller subject?
Heavier subjects have a larger blood volume
What happens when the dose of a drug reaches the point of maximum effect?
Increasing the dose does not produce any more effect
What is the difference between the dose-response curve for a drug's therapeutic effects and that for its adverse side effects called?
Margin of safety
What is the therapeutic index of a drug?
The ratio of the toxic dose to the effective dose
Understanding Drug Dosage and Body Weight: Test your knowledge on how body weight affects drug dosage and the resulting effects. Explore the relationship between drug concentration, subject weight, and dose strength. Get ready to uncover the science behind dosage adjustments!
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