56 Questions
Which of the following best describes Mr. F's initial symptoms of botulism?
Seeing double and difficulty breathing
What did Mr. F do when he discovered that the asparagus smelled funny?
He rinsed it under water and threw it away
What is the main focus of psychopharmacology?
The effects of drugs on both the nervous system and behavior
Which route of drug administration is commonly used for laboratory animals?
Subcutaneous injection
Which route of drug administration is used for drugs that might upset a person's stomach?
Rectal suppositories
Which route of drug administration delivers the drug to the brain very rapidly?
Inhalation
Which route of drug administration is used to treat angina pectoris?
Sublingual administration
Which of the following is the generally accepted definition of a drug in the field of pharmacology?
A chemical that alters the functions of certain cells of the body when taken in relatively low doses
Which of the following is NOT considered a drug according to the definition provided in the text?
Neurotransmitters
What are the effects of opiates such as morphine and heroin?
Decreased sensitivity to pain, slowing of the digestive system, sedation
What is the field of study that focuses on the effects of drugs on the nervous system and behavior?
Psychopharmacology
Which route of drug administration is the fastest and allows the drug to reach the brain within a few seconds?
Intravenous (IV) injection
Which section of the book discusses the use of drugs to study and treat mental disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety disorders?
Chapter 18
What is the process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed within the body, metabolized, and excreted called?
Pharmacokinetics
Which of the following is NOT a barrier that molecules of drugs must cross to enter the body and find their way to their sites of action?
Intestinal barrier
Which molecules do drugs bind with in the central nervous system?
All of the above
What is the relationship between drug affinity and dosage?
Drugs with high affinity require lower doses
What is the most desirable drug in terms of affinity?
A drug with high affinity for therapeutic sites and low affinity for toxic sites
Which route of drug administration allows for the most rapid effects on the brain?
Intravenous injection
What is the most important factor that determines the rate at which a drug reaches sites of action within the brain?
Lipid solubility
Why do drug addicts prefer heroin to morphine?
Heroin molecules reach the brain faster than morphine molecules
What is the best way to measure the effectiveness of a drug?
Plotting a dose-response curve
Which of the following statements about drug distribution in the body is true?
A smaller subject requires a larger quantity of a drug to achieve the same concentration as a heavier subject.
What happens when the dose of a drug reaches the point of maximum effect?
The drug does not produce any more effect.
What is a drug's margin of safety?
The difference between the dose that produces therapeutic effects and the dose that produces adverse side effects.
What is the therapeutic index of a drug?
The ratio of the drug's toxic dose to its effective dose.
Which of the following best describes Mr. F's initial symptoms of botulism?
Double vision and pale face
What did Mr. F do when he discovered that the asparagus smelled funny?
He rinsed it under water and threw it away
What is the field of study that focuses on the effects of drugs on the nervous system and behavior?
Psychopharmacology
Which route of drug administration is commonly used for laboratory animals?
Intravenous injection
Which route of drug administration is the most common for administering drugs to small laboratory animals?
Intraperitoneal (IP) injection
What is the process by which drugs are broken down by enzymes or excreted in the urine called?
Metabolism
Which section of the book discusses the basic principles of psychopharmacology?
Chapter 4
Which molecules do drugs need to interact with in order to affect some biochemical processes of cells?
Neurotransmitters
Which of the following is NOT considered a drug according to the definition provided in the text?
Proteins
What is the process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed within the body, metabolized, and excreted called?
Pharmacokinetics
What are the effects of opiates such as morphine and heroin?
Increased sensitivity to pain, slowed digestive system, sedation, muscular relaxation
Which of the following statements about drug distribution in the body is true?
Drugs tend to accumulate in fatty tissues
Which route of drug administration allows for the most rapid effects on the brain?
Intravenous injection
What is the main factor that determines the rate at which a drug in the bloodstream reaches sites of action within the brain?
Lipid solubility
Which drug is more lipid soluble, heroin or morphine?
Heroin
What is the best way to measure the effectiveness of a drug?
Plotting a dose-response curve
Which route of drug administration is used to deliver antibiotics directly to the brain to treat certain types of infections?
Intracerebroventricular administration
Which of the following routes of drug administration allows for slow and prolonged absorption of a drug?
Intrarectal administration
Which route of drug administration involves placing the drug beneath the tongue for absorption into the bloodstream?
Sublingual administration
Which route of drug administration is commonly used for administering drugs that might upset a person's stomach?
Topical administration
What is the therapeutic index of a drug?
The ratio of the toxic dose to the effective dose of a drug.
What is the main reason why drugs vary in their effectiveness?
Different drugs have different sites of action.
What is the difference between morphine and aspirin in terms of their analgesic effects?
Morphine suppresses the activity of neurons involved in pain perception, while aspirin reduces the production of a chemical involved in transmitting pain information.
What is the relationship between drug affinity and dosage?
Drug affinity refers to the strength of the binding between a drug and its site of action, while dosage refers to the amount of drug administered.
Which of the following is true about drug affinity?
Drugs with low affinity produce effects at lower doses.
Which of the following is a goal of research by drug companies?
To find drugs with high affinity for therapeutic sites and low affinity for toxic sites.
What is the relationship between drug affinity and dosage?
Drugs with high affinity require lower doses.
What is the effect of repeated administration of a drug?
The effects of the drug decrease over time.
Which of the following statements about drug distribution in the body is true?
Drugs distribute based on their affinity for different organs.
What is the most desirable drug in terms of affinity?
A drug with high affinity for therapeutic sites and low affinity for toxic sites.
Understanding Drug Dosage and Body Weight: Test your knowledge on how body weight affects drug dosage and the resulting effects. Explore the relationship between drug concentration, subject weight, and dose strength. Get ready to uncover the science behind dosage adjustments!
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