Mastering CST
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Questions and Answers

Which organ is responsible for the synthesis of corticosteroid hormones?

  • Kidneys
  • Liver
  • Adrenal gland (correct)
  • Pancreas
  • Which hormone is responsible for the maintenance of mineralocorticoid activity in adrenalectomized animals?

  • Androstenedione
  • Cortisol
  • DHEA
  • Aldosterone (correct)
  • Which protein is the major transport protein for corticosteroid hormones in the circulation?

  • Estrogen
  • Albumin
  • Transcortin
  • Corticosteroid-binding globulin (correct)
  • What is the half-life of cortisol in the circulation?

    <p>60-90 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex?

    <p>Glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glucocorticoids?

    <p>Raise blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is cholesterol transported into the mitochondria for steroid hormone synthesis?

    <p>By steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme converts angiotensinogen into angiotensin I?

    <p>Renin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of aldosterone on Na+ and K+?

    <p>Increases Na+ reabsorption and increases K+ excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of aldosterone?

    <p>Regulate electrolyte homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does cortisol have on muscle metabolism?

    <p>Decreases protein utilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does cortisol affect fat metabolism during fasting?

    <p>Increases plasma fatty acids and glycerol levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the anti-inflammatory actions of cortisol?

    <p>Suppresses production of proinflammatory cytokines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is NOT a functional zone of the adrenal glands?

    <p>Zona intermedia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following hormones is NOT secreted by the adrenal cortex?

    <p>Epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following describes the cellular mechanism of action of adrenal cortical hormones?

    <p>Direct entry into the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a consequence of chronic excess of glucocorticoids?

    <p>Hyperglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of Cushing's syndrome/disease?

    <p>Adenomas of the anterior pituitary that secrete large amounts of ACTH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of high doses of cortisol for an extended time?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones increases tissue sensitivity to catecholamines?

    <p>Cortisol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One physiological effect of cortisol is:

    <p>Stimulates glycogenolysis in the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of aldosterone?

    <p>Increases the ECF volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones is NOT secreted from the adrenal cortex?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following occurs during chronic excess of cortisol but not during acute stress response?

    <p>Increased insulin/glucagon ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a biological action of cortisol?

    <p>Lipid synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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