Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Quiz

Questions and Answers

What principle underlies the separation of positively charged ions in a Mass Spectrometer?

Their thermal stability

Their molecular structures

Their electronegativity differences

Their relative atomic masses (correct)

What is the main function of vaporization in the context of Mass Spectrometry?

To increase the mass of the sample

To convert a substance into its gaseous state (correct)

To enhance the ionization process

To simplify the mixture

In spectroscopy, how does the absorbance of ultraviolet radiation relate to a substance's concentration?

Absorbance is inversely proportional to concentration

Absorbance is directly proportional to concentration (correct)

Absorbance is not influenced by concentration

Absorbance increases with temperature instead

Which type of radiation is employed to detect molecular absorption in Infrared Spectroscopy?

Infrared radiation Signup and view all the answers

What fundamental principle does chromatography rely on?

Different components interact uniquely with the stationary and mobile phases Signup and view all the answers

What role does the stationary phase serve in chromatography?

To interact with mixture components for separation Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) from Gas Chromatography?

HPLC employs a liquid mobile phase, whereas GC uses a gas mobile phase Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the ionisation step in mass spectrometry?

A gas is bombarded with an electric beam causing it to lose an electron. Signup and view all the answers

In paper chromatography, what is the purpose of drawing a line 2cm above the bottom of the paper?

To provide a starting point for dye application. Signup and view all the answers

What is the mobile phase in gas chromatography?

Gas Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)?

Detect alcohol content. Signup and view all the answers

During the separation step in mass spectrometry, what determines how particles are arranged?

Their mass Signup and view all the answers

Which chromatography technique uses a water mobile phase?

Color chromatography Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the uses of infrared (IR) chromatography?

Detection of drugs. Signup and view all the answers

What is the last step in the mass spectrometry process?

Detection. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Mass Spectrometry Principles

Positively charged ions are separated based on relative atomic masses.
Vaporisation converts substances into gaseous states for accurate analysis.
Mass spectrometry includes steps: Vaporisation, Ionisation, Acceleration, Separation, and Detection.

Absorbance and Concentration

Absorbance of ultraviolet radiation is directly proportional to the concentration of a substance, following Beer-Lambert law.

Infrared Spectroscopy

Infrared radiation is utilized to detect the absorption of molecules, aiding in the identification of chemical structures.

Chromatography Fundamentals

Chromatography operates on the principle of different components interacting variably with stationary and mobile phases, leading to separation.
The formula for retention factor (Rf) is Rf = (Distance travelled by the component) / (Distance travelled by the solvent front).

Chromatography Phases

The stationary phase interacts with mixture components for separation due to varying affinities.
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) uses a liquid mobile phase, while Gas Chromatography (GC) employs a gas mobile phase.

Applications of Chromatography

Utilized in food analysis to detect growth promoters and vitamins, ensuring food safety and compliance with regulations.

Paper Chromatography Process

Draw a baseline 2 cm above the bottom of chromatography paper.
Use a capillary tube to place a dot of dye on the line.
Immerse the paper in water ensuring it's below the baseline.
Observe the separation of colors as the dye ascends the paper.

Steps in Mass Spectrometry

Vaporisation: Substance is turned into gas.
Ionisation: Gas is hit with an electric beam, causing electron loss.
Acceleration: A magnetic field accelerates cations.
Separation: Particles separate based on mass.
Detection: Ions strike the detector, producing a current; the height of the wave indicates abundance.

Spectrometry Principle

Spectrometry relies on selective absorbance of a mobile phase interacting with a stationary phase for substance identification.

Chromatography Phases in Different Techniques

For GC: Mobile phase is gas, stationary phase is liquid.
For HPLC: Mobile phase is liquid, stationary phase is solid.
For Color Chromatography: Mobile phase is water, stationary phase is chromatography paper.

Uses of Analytical Techniques

Mass Spectrometry: Detection of drugs.
Gas Chromatography: Detection of drugs and alcohol.
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Detection of drugs and alcohol.
Infrared Spectroscopy: Identification of drugs.
Ultraviolet Spectroscopy: Detection of plant pigments.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the principles and applications of mass spectrometry and spectroscopy. This quiz covers key concepts such as ion separation, vaporization, and the relationship between absorbance and concentration in ultraviolet radiation. Ideal for students in chemistry courses.