Marketing Strategies and Consumer Behavior Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary objective of a firm pursuing a 'harvest' strategy?

  • To increase long-term market share by aggressive investment.
  • To prioritize environmental sustainability over profit margins.
  • To strategically diversify into new, unrelated markets.
  • To generate short-term profits, even if it negatively impacts long-term survival. (correct)
  • In the General Electric approach to portfolio planning, what does the evaluation of a business's 'strengths' and 'industry attractiveness' determine?

  • The public relations approach for marketing campaigns.
  • The ethical implications of the business's operations.
  • The company's eligibility for government subsidies.
  • The investment strategies the firm should employ. (correct)
  • Within the General Electric approach, what does a 'yellow' rating typically signify?

  • Aggressive expansion
  • Guaranteed success
  • Caution (correct)
  • Immediate divestment
  • What is the primary purpose of a marketing plan?

    <p>To communicate the marketing strategy and secure stakeholder investment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A well-designed marketing plan should achieve which of the goals?

    <p>Communicate realistic expectations to the firm’s CEO and other stakeholders. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is typically responsible for creating marketing plans at the divisional level?

    <p>Each division's Chief Marketing Officer (CMO). (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key function of a marketing plan?

    <p>Identifying customer needs and wants. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of market research in the context of a marketing plan?

    <p>To create offerings that satisfy customer needs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic typically associated with Innovators?

    <p>Their image is used as evidence of their status and power. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary motivation that drives Thinkers?

    <p>Ideals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic distinguishes Achievers from Thinkers?

    <p>A deep commitment to career and family. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which consumer behavior is most typical of Thinkers, despite having sufficient income?

    <p>Prioritizing durability, functionality, and value in their purchases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of life do Achievers prioritize when structuring their social interactions?

    <p>Family, place of worship, and work. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes Innovators different from Achievers and Thinkers, when purchasing a product?

    <p>Innovators are more likely to be motivated by image, not as evidence of status or power but as an expression of their taste, independence, and personality. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lifestyle component do achievers value, when it comes to their own predictability?

    <p>Stability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a core trait of achievers?

    <p>Respect authority. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does CLV segmenting primarily take into account?

    <p>The total amount a customer spends in a specific category or with a firm. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes demographic segmentation?

    <p>Dividing the market based on personal attributes such as age, income, or ethnicity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the family life cycle influence marketing strategies?

    <p>It tracks changes in lifestyle and purchasing, such as increased demand for pediatric services with children. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of sales forecasting?

    <p>To estimate the quantity of products a company expects to sell, which aids various business decisions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When forecasting sales, what is 'market potential'?

    <p>The total industry-wide sales anticipated for a product category over a defined period. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do stores ask for your zip code at checkout?

    <p>To implement geocoding and understand where customers are located for targeted advertising. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'company’s sales potential'?

    <p>The maximum total revenue a company anticipates generating from a product or the number of units it can hope to sell. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of geocoding?

    <p>To plot customer data on a map to identify customer clusters for targeted ad campaigns. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best exemplifies geodemographics?

    <p>Combining income data with geographic location to target affluent customers in specific neighborhoods. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most accurate description of 'Judgment techniques' in forecasting?

    <p>Forecasting methods that rely on someone’s estimates. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using customer surveys for sales forecasting?

    <p>They can provide insight into customers' purchasing intentions and market potential. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does population density typically influence in business strategy?

    <p>The decision regarding where to locate businesses; for example, McDonald's avoids towns with fewer than 5000 people. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is LEAST likely to be considered in psychographic segmentation?

    <p>Income (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key limitation of customer and channel surveys in forecasting?

    <p>Potential buyers are far more likely to know if they will buy <em>something</em>. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what areas are surveys most effective?

    <p>Estimating market potential rather than specific sales potential. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which market types are customer surveys primarily used?

    <p>Business-to-business markets where understanding future spending is critical. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What psychological phenomenon describes people's tendency to rush to buy a product when others are also interested?

    <p>Herd Behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does social situation influence purchase behavior, as demonstrated by the example of Girl Scouts selling cookies?

    <p>People are less likely to buy from strangers compared to acquaintances. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT mentioned as influencing shopping behavior based on time?

    <p>Time spent on social media (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might encourage a consumer to spend more at the grocery store?

    <p>Shopping while hungry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario best illustrates an emergency purchase?

    <p>Visiting a clinic after a serious injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does being a 'morning person' or 'evening person' have on consumers?

    <p>It affects the timing of their shopping. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a reason for preferring gift certificates over physical gifts?

    <p>They require less time to acquire. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does necessity generally affect time spent shopping?

    <p>It often results in a quick purchasing decision. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following illustrates a shift in marketing budget allocation?

    <p>Greater emphasis on digital technologies such as social media platforms, online ads, and mobile marketing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of green marketing?

    <p>Marketing environmentally safe products and services in a way that benefits the environment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a company's mission statement?

    <p>To define the purpose of the organization and explain how the company defines its business. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of Strategic Business Units (SBUs)?

    <p>Businesses or product lines within an organization that have their own competitors, customers, and profit centers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are 'objectives' in the context of organizational planning?

    <p>What organizations want to accomplish (the end results) in a given time frame. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is most accurate regarding the publication of organizational objectives?

    <p>Although many organizations publish their mission statements, most for-profit companies typically do not publish their objectives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In business strategy, what are 'strategies' primarily concerned with?

    <p>Means to an end, or what the firm will do to achieve its objectives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following would be considered a tactic in a marketing strategy?

    <p>Implementing a 'buy one-get one free' promotion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Harvest

    A strategy where a firm reduces investment in a product to generate short-term profits.

    Divest

    The action of selling or dropping a product or business from a firm.

    General Electric Approach

    A portfolio-planning method assessing business strengths and industry attractiveness.

    Investment strategies

    Plans based on the correlation between a business's strengths and industry attractiveness.

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    Marketing plan

    A document communicating the marketing strategy to stakeholders and guiding marketing efforts.

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    Customer needs and wants

    Understanding what customers desire and require from a product.

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    Mission statement

    A formal summary of the aims and values of a company, guiding its actions.

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    Value proposition

    The promise of value to be delivered to customers, highlighting benefits of a product.

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    Artificial Intelligence (AI)

    Technology that simulates human intelligence for tasks.

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    Green Marketing

    Promoting products based on their environmental benefits.

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    Strategic Business Units (SBUs)

    Independent parts of a company that have their own market strategy.

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    Objectives

    Specific results that organizations aim to achieve.

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    Strategies

    Plans to achieve the organization's objectives.

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    Tactics

    Specific actions taken to implement strategies.

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    Innovators

    People who are successful, sophisticated, and receptive to new ideas.

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    Thinkers

    Individuals motivated by ideals, valuing knowledge and order.

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    Achievers

    Goal-oriented individuals focused on career and family, valuing success.

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    Experiencers

    People motivated by self-expression, valuing adventure and variety.

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    Self-esteem in Innovators

    Innovators possess high self-esteem and abundant resources.

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    Consumption behavior of Achievers

    Achievers favor prestige products to reflect success.

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    Role of Image for Innovators

    Image reflects taste and personality, not just status.

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    Characteristics of Thinkers

    They are reflective, well-informed, and conservative consumers.

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    Crowding

    A phenomenon where individuals rush to buy products due to limited availability, often driving demand.

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    Herd behavior

    The tendency for people to follow the actions or decisions of others, especially in purchasing contexts.

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    Social situation impact

    The influence of social contexts on an individual’s purchasing decisions.

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    Shopping under time pressure

    The urgency felt when shopping due to time constraints, often influencing purchase behavior.

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    Emergency purchases

    Buying items quickly due to urgent needs, rather than leisurely shopping.

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    Hungry shopping

    The tendency to buy more food when shopping while feeling hungry.

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    Gift shopping urgency

    The quick decisions made when shopping for gifts, often prioritizing convenience.

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    Time of day effects

    The influence of different times on shopping behavior, such as being more willing to buy in the evening vs. morning.

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    Customer Lifetime Value (CLV)

    The total revenue expected from a customer over their relationship with a firm.

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    Demographic Segmentation

    Segmenting buyers based on personal characteristics like age, income, and ethnicity.

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    Family Life Cycle

    The stages families go through and how this affects purchasing behavior.

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    Geographic Segmentation

    Dividing the market based on location to target ads effectively.

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    Geocoding

    The process of mapping data to visualize customer locations.

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    Geodemographics

    Combining demographic and geographic information for marketing.

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    Customer Profiles

    Descriptions of customer types based on segmentation criteria.

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    Psychographic Segmentation

    Segmenting consumers by activities, interests, opinions, attitudes, and values.

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    Sales Forecast

    An estimate of how much a company will sell over a specific period.

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    Market Potential

    Total expected industry-wide sales in a product category within a time frame.

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    Sales Potential

    The maximum revenue a company hopes to generate from a product.

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    Judgment Techniques

    Forecasting methods based on personal estimates and opinions.

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    Customer Surveys

    Asks customers how much they plan to spend on products in the coming year.

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    Channel Surveys

    Surveys aimed at understanding spending intentions from distribution channels.

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    Active Voice

    A writing style that emphasizes action and direct engagement.

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    Forecasting Accuracy

    The importance of making reliable and precise sales forecasts.

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    Study Notes

    Marketing Lecture Summaries

    • Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large.
    • Four key components of marketing include creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging.
    • The marketing mix (4Ps) comprises product, price, place, and promotion.
    • Value is defined as the benefits buyers receive that satisfy their needs and desires.
    • The value equation is represented as: value = benefits received - (price + hassle).
    • Marketing philosophy has evolved; from production-oriented (1800s-1920s) to selling-oriented (1920s-WWII), product-oriented (WWII - 1950s-1990s) and the value era (1990s onwards).
    • Marketing functions include creating offerings, communicating, and delivering them.
    • Marketing involves understanding customers' needs, preferences, and motivations.
    • A successful marketing plan addresses customers' needs and goals.
    • Marketing is a systematic process that includes understanding the marketplace, target audience, and their needs to develop appropriate marketing strategies and tactics.
    • Marketing plans are crucial for an offering's success.
    • Multiple organizational levels (corporate, business unit, and functional) develop strategic plans.
    • Multiple methods for forecasting sales are available (judgment, surveys, or statistical analysis).
    • Effective marketing research can lead to informed decisions.
    • Consumer behavior is impacted by various factors such as personal, psychological, situational, and sociocultural elements.
    • Marketing processes include detailed steps like need recognition, research, evaluation, purchase, and post-purchase evaluation.
    • Market segmentation is the process of dividing consumers into groups sharing similar characteristics for specific targeting.
    • Segmentation is conducted based on various criteria including geographic, demographic, behavioral, and psychographic aspects.
    • Positioning strategies define how a product or brand is perceived relative to competitors in the consumers' minds.
    • B2B (business-to-business) marketing differs from B2C (business-to-consumer) in terms of volume, complexity, and relationship building.
    • Buying centers influence B2B purchase decisions. These involve various roles within organizations.
    • Various types of offerings include convenience items, impulse, shopping, and unsought offerings.
    • Marketing plans are written for stakeholders. These usually cover an executive summary, business challenge, market, value proposition, and strategy, budget, and conclusion.
    • Marketers utilize marketing research to identify unmet consumer needs and guide the development of effective strategies.
    • Technology plays a key role in marketing through processes such as CRM, CDP, and digital marketing.
    • Marketing includes understanding the ethical considerations of advertising and business practices.

    Market Segments

    • Consumer-oriented (B2C) markets are generally large, geographically dispersed, and involve multiple transactions with shorter decision cycles.
    • Business-oriented (B2B) markets involve fewer buyers, often geographically concentrated, higher transaction values, and longer decision cycles.
    • The demand for business products is derived from consumer demand, and it can create significant fluctuations in the supply chain.

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    Test your understanding of marketing strategies, including the 'harvest' strategy and the General Electric approach to portfolio planning. This quiz also explores consumer behavior characteristics related to different consumer segments. Perfect for students of marketing at any level.

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