Management Theories and Practices

<p>Frequent job rotation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Finding the 'one best way' to perform a task (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conceptual Skills (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To establish clear guidelines for consistency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Top Management (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Judges apply and interpret case precedents. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Japan (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They enhance the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of manufacturing. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Theocratic Law System (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brazil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>40% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Legal authority lies with religious leaders. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cultural Context (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Universal Principles of Management (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Environmental (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Management approaches should adapt to specific circumstances. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Systematically interpreting data to identify external factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Internal employee satisfaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The impact of rest breaks on productivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Applying mathematical techniques for decision-making (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mexico (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pressures on natural resources (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behavior changes when individuals know they are being observed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Engaging in environmental scanning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Developing a true science of work through standardized methods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conceptual Skills (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clear authority and accountability through reporting relationships (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased specialization leading to improved productivity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Matching individual capabilities with job requirements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Front-Line Management (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To promote mutual understanding and shared organizational goals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Selection based on technical merit and qualifications (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To establish comprehensive policies for quality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Focusing on broader quality systems development (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gantt Chart (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are involved in establishing quality policies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conducting regular inspections to ensure standards are met (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Law is written and codified, with less judicial flexibility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strategic Planning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Focus on easily measurable objectives (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Narrow Plans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strengths and weaknesses inside the organization and opportunities and threats outside it (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Economic Context (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Legal authority often resides with religious leaders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Operational Planning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Long-term objectives and mission statements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Involves interpreting strategic plans for specific actions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Impeding communication and information management (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By accounting for over 25% of global GDP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bridges the gap between current position and future goals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Understanding and influencing individual and group behaviors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trends in the marketplace (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It highlights how participants change behavior when observed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tracking finances and budgets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Management strategies should adapt to specific circumstances. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It emphasizes data-driven models for problem-solving. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social factors play a critical role in influencing productivity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By creating challenges regarding natural resources and climate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Impersonality and uniformity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To observe the relationship between rest breaks and working conditions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An era of rapid economic growth and prosperity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It introduces new methods that can enhance operational efficiency. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To address senior managers' strategic policy issues. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Constantly searching for new opportunities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They require judgment and creativity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Uncertainty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Illusion of Control (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Authority resides primarily at the top (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Efficiency in task completion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Challenging tasks and autonomy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Employee past performance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flat Structure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Predict and control employee behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Retrospective correction of identified skills gaps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Estimation of the quality and quantity of available labor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Personality tests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trait Approach (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To verify if outputs meet established goals after completion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Business units or divisions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Problem identification and diagnosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adjusting to followers' needs and motivations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Administrative oversight and planning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aiming to prevent mistakes before they occur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Situational factors that influence effectiveness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cash Budget (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An exchange relationship between leaders and followers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Addresses discrepancies to achieve organizational goals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Concurrent Control (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fixed and variable costs to find profitability point (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To define what should be achieved in performance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ignores situational influence on leader effectiveness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of managers using resources (human, financial, knowledge, physical) to achieve organizational goals.

Key actions managers take – planning, organizing, staffing, motivating, leading, and controlling – to achieve organizational goals.

Different management levels (top, middle, and front-line) with varying responsibilities within an organization.

Specialized knowledge and abilities to perform particular tasks.

Skills to work effectively with people.

Management approach focusing on making work more efficient using scientific methods.

Specializing tasks in a job to improve efficiency.

A management approach that focuses on structure, rules, and formal hierarchy.

A group of five major emerging economies – Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa – collectively representing a large portion of the global population and economy.

A legal system where laws are primarily based on court precedents set by previous rulings.

A legal system where laws are codified and applied uniformly through statutes.

A legal system based on religious principles and texts, with religious leaders often holding significant legal authority.

A system of rules and standards, enforced through social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior.

Technological factors affecting organizations, impacting things like products, manufacturing, and communication.

New products and services enabled by technological advancements.

Improved methods of manufacturing through technological progress.

Treating all employees fairly and equally, without bias.

Management approach emphasizing universal principles for senior managers, focusing on policy and organization.

Technical (production), Commercial (buying/selling), Financial, Security, Accounting, Managerial.

Change in subject behavior when they know they are being observed.

Management theory emphasizing social and psychological factors influencing employee performance.

Using math and data to make business decisions and solve problems.

Study of how individuals, groups, and structures interact within an organization.

No single best way to manage; the optimal approach depends on specific circumstances.

Identifying external factors that impact a business (e.g., competition, trends, customers).

All uncontrollable external factors impacting an organization (e.g., globalization, politics, economy).

Groups of countries promoting free trade and economic cooperation based on geography.

Group of major emerging economies (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa).

Increasing interactions and connections around the world between people, groups, and organizations.

Frederick Taylor's Scientific Management focuses on finding the 'one best way' to perform tasks by applying scientific methods. It includes: 1. Developing a science of work, 2. Standardizing methods and processes, 3. Scientific selection and development of workers, 4. Cooperation between managers and workers, and 5. Division of work between managers and workers.

Max Weber's ideal organizational structure, called bureaucracy, emphasizes a formalized and hierarchical structure with clearly defined roles, rules, and procedures.

Division of labor is a core principle of bureaucracy and aims to improve efficiency by allocating specific tasks to specialized individuals within an organization.

Hierarchy in bureaucracy establishes a clear chain of command and reporting relationships, ensuring authority and accountability within the organization.

Bureaucracy emphasizes hiring based on technical merit, choosing individuals with qualifications and skills that align with the specific job requirements.

Formalization in bureaucracy involves establishing clear rules and procedures to maintain consistency and predictability in operations, minimizing deviations from established standards.

Managers need three core skills: Technical skills (performing specialized tasks), Interpersonal skills (effectively dealing with people), and Conceptual skills (analyzing complex situations and finding solutions).

Treating all employees fairly and equally, without personal biases.

Applying the same rules and procedures to all employees.

Focuses on universal principles for senior managers, dealing with policy and organization.

A French industrialist who developed the six essential areas of business activity in Administrative Management.

Technical (production), Commercial (buying/selling), Financial, Security, Accounting, Managerial.

The relationship between a country's political system and its legal framework, influencing how businesses operate.

The economic conditions within a country, including factors that impact businesses and individuals.

Long-term planning that sets the overall direction and goals of an organization.

Middle-term planning that focuses on translating strategic plans into specific actions.

Short-term planning that focuses on day-to-day activities and ensures smooth operations.

Unique plans tailored to a specific situation, usually strategic, and not repeatable.

Routine plans repeatedly used for common situations, typically operational in nature.

Plans that focus on immediate activities and day-to-day operations.

Plans that outline the overall direction of the organization over an extended period.

A management approach where employees and managers collaboratively set goals and track progress towards those goals.

Identifying sources of defects or non-conformance in products or processes.

Ensuring products or processes meet predefined standards through regular inspections and monitoring.

Focusing on broader quality systems, integrating quality principles into all stages of production and processes.

A visual tool used to track project timelines, tasks, and progress, helping to manage and monitor project execution.

A comprehensive approach to quality involving all aspects of an organization, aiming for continuous improvement and customer satisfaction.

A planned effort to improve knowledge, skills, or attitudes through learning experiences, usually focused on resolving a skills gap identified in an individual or group.

The broader growth of an individual's skills and abilities through both planned and unplanned learning experiences, often encompassing future potential and requirements.

The ability to guide and influence others towards achieving shared goals, often described as a process of social influence.

Focuses on achieving tasks and goals, ensuring work is completed effectively and efficiently.

Involves creating and maintaining a positive and productive work environment, fostering values and behaviors that promote success.

Embodies and represents the organization's values and ideals, inspiring and motivating followers through their example.

Deals with external stakeholders, representing the organization's interests and building relationships.

Fosters strong and positive relationships with followers, based on trust, respect, and open communication.

An early theory suggesting that great leaders are born with inherent traits or characteristics that distinguish them from others.

Recognizes that there is no one-size-fits-all leadership style, and the best approach depends on the specific situation and context.

A leadership style that inspires and motivates followers through passion, vision, and strong communication skills.

Focuses on exchange relationships between leaders and followers, rewarding and motivating through clear expectations and performance-based incentives.

Inspires followers to transcend their self-interest and work towards a shared vision, motivating through inspiration and shared purpose.

A process that ensures the effective and efficient achievement of organizational goals by monitoring progress, addressing deviations, and providing feedback.

A control mechanism that focuses on preventing potential problems before they occur by anticipating and addressing risks.

A framework for categorizing organizational strategies based on how they respond to environmental changes. It identifies four main types: Prospector, Defender, Analyser, and Reactor.

Focuses on innovation and seeking new opportunities in high-growth markets. Continuously explores new ideas and ventures.

Protects its existing market share and customer base by focusing on efficiency and stability. Aims to maintain current competitive position.

A blend of prospector and defender approaches. It balances innovation with stability by maintaining existing markets while exploring new opportunities cautiously.

Lacks a clear strategy and reacts to changes made by competitors. Often less successful due to its reactive approach.

Routine decisions with well-defined procedures and information readily available. Often made at lower levels of the organization.

Unstructured decisions requiring creativity, judgment, and often limited information. Typically taken at higher levels of the organization.

Decision-making when all necessary information is available and outcomes are predictable.

Decision-making involving potential outcomes with known probabilities. There's uncertainty, but we understand possible risks.

Decision-making under incomplete information with unclear outcomes. High level of risk and unknowns.

The number of subordinates a manager directly oversees. A narrow span means fewer people, a wide span means more.

The number of levels in an organization's structure, outlining reporting relationships from top to bottom.

The extent to which rules, procedures, and policies are explicitly defined and standardized.

Decision-making authority resides at the top levels of the organization.

Decision-making authority is spread throughout the organization, empowering lower levels to make decisions.