Management Roles and Sustainability Practices

Learning Outcomes

• Students will learn who managers are and where they work.
• Management will be defined.
• The activities of managers will be described.
• The importance of studying management will be explained.
• The factors changing the field of management will be described.

Who Are Managers? Where Do They Work?

• An organization is a deliberate grouping of people to accomplish a shared purpose.
• Common characteristics of organizations include a distinct purpose, people working together, and a deliberate structure.
• Organizations have goals, people, and structure.

How Are Managers Different from Nonmanagerial Employees?

• Nonmanagerial employees directly perform tasks, not overseeing the work of others.
• Managers in organizations guide the activities of other employees.

Management Levels

• Management levels form a hierarchy, from top managers to first-line managers and non-managerial employees.

What Titles Do Managers Have?

• Top managers make significant decisions regarding organizational direction.
• Middle managers oversee other managers' activities.
• First-line managers guide nonmanagerial employees.
• A team leader is part of the first-line management level.

What Is Management?

• Management is the process of efficiently and effectively getting things done with and through people.
• Effectiveness involves focusing on the "right things," achieving organizational goals.
• Efficiency is concerned with the using resources like people, money, and equipment effectively to accomplish goals.

Efficiency and Effectiveness

• Efficiency focuses on the means (how things are done) with minimal resource waste.
• Effectiveness focuses on the ends (achieving results) by successfully meeting organizational objectives.
• Efficiency and effectiveness are interconnected; a balance between both is essential.

What Do Managers Do?

• Managers perform various functions, including planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.

Four Management Functions

• Planning involves defining the purpose and ways to achieve an organization's goals.
• Organizing involves arranging and structuring work to meet organizational objectives.
• Leading entails guiding the activities of other employees.
• Controlling involves monitoring work performance, making comparisons, and taking corrective actions.

What Roles Do Managers Play?

• Managers play ten roles related to interpersonal interactions, providing information, and making decisions.
• These roles are grouped into interpersonal, informational, and decisional roles.

What Skills Do Managers Need?

• Conceptual skills help analyze complex situations.
• Interpersonal skills involve communication, motivation, mentoring, and delegation.
• Technical skills are based on expertise in a specific area.
• Political skills are utilized for developing power bases and relationships.

Is The Manager's Job Universal?

• Management practices vary based on organizational level (top, middle, first line).
• Profit vs. nonprofit organizations use different performance measures.
• Organizations vary in size, affecting the manager's role emphasis.
• Cultural contexts (global) may require tailored management approaches.

Management Activities by Organizational Level

• Different levels of management focus on varying activities.
• First-level managers spend more time in leading and controlling than planning or organizing.
• Middle managers spend similar time in all four functions.
• Top managers emphasize planning and organizing over other functions.

Managerial Roles in Small and Large Businesses

• Small firms require more emphasis on spokesperson activities compared to larger firms.

Why Study Management?

• Individuals have a personal stake in effective management practices.
• Properly managed organizations succeed in economic challenges.
• Students typically take on management roles after graduation.

What Factors Are Reshaping and Redefining Management?

• Today's managers deal with a dynamic environment including changing workplaces, ethical issues, global economic uncertainties, and shifting technologies.

Importance of Customers to the Manager's Job

• Customer satisfaction is essential for organizational success.
• Employee attitudes positively impact customer experiences.
• Managers should foster friendly, knowledgeable, and responsive employees to customer needs.

Why Is Innovation Important to the Manager's Job?

• Effective managers understand that innovation is crucial for organizational success.
• Managers should encourage employees to proactively innovate.

Importance of Social Media to the Manager's Job

• Social media is a useful tool for communication and community building.
• Social media fosters connections with customers and enhances talent management.

Importance of Sustainability to the Manager's Job

• Sustainability in business involves balancing economic goals with environmental and social responsibilities.
• Long-term stakeholder value is the ultimate goal of sustainable business practices.

What Can Students of Management Learn From Other Courses?

• Anthropology can provide insight into various social structures and human behavior.
• Economics offers an understanding of economic factors impacting organizations and competition.

What Can Students of Management Learn From Other Courses? (cont'd)

• Philosophy explores fundamental values and ethics in business contexts.
• Psychology helps understand and potentially influence human behavior.
• Political science offers insight into group behavior within political settings.

History Module - A Brief History of Management's Roots

• Management principles have existed for a long time, long before formal study began.
• Early managerial concepts were inherent in organized endeavors.

Early Management

• Organized efforts, managed by individuals, existed for many years.
• This has led to formal study of management practices.

Classical Approaches (Scientific Management)

• Scientific management (Frederick W. Taylor) scientifically finds the best ways to perform jobs.

Other Classic Approaches (General Administrative Theory)

• Good management practices are explored in this theory.
• Max Weber's bureaucratic approach to organizations is analyzed.
• Henri Fayol's 14 principles of management are important.

Behavioral Approaches

• Early management writers focused on worker conditions and industrial psychology.
• The importance of human factors was stressed.
• Mary Parker Follett explored the importance of individual and group behavior.

The Hawthorne Studies

• Conducted at Western Electric, these studies are important for their insights into group behavior and its impact on worker productivity.

Quantitative Approach

• The Quantitative approach suggests using quantitative techniques to enhance decision-making.
• Statistical solutions, essential during World War II, have evolved into strategies for total quality management (TQM).

Contemporary Approaches

• Contemporary theories address management concerns within organizations.
• Chester Barnard's work emphasizes organizations as cooperative systems.
• The contingency approach recognizes the importance of differing employee and organizational situations.

This quiz explores the key concepts of management roles, the impact of sustainability on business success, and the significance of social media in modern management. It also examines the various responsibilities of managers within organizations and the benefits of studying management. Test your knowledge on these crucial topics in business management!