Management of Upper Respiratory Tract Infections and Allergy

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What is the most common cause of work absenteeism in Ireland and the US?

Pertussis

Coronavirus

Influenza

Acute Rhinitis (correct)

What is the primary cause of the common cold?

Parainfluenza

RSV

Rhinovirus (correct)

Coronavirus

How long do the symptoms of a common cold typically last?

7-10 days

2-3 weeks

3-5 days

1-2 weeks (correct)

Which medication can help reduce nasal discharge and sneezing associated with the common cold?

Ipratropium Bromide nasal spray Signup and view all the answers

What is the peak infectivity period for the common cold?

Day 3 of symptoms Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of the common cold?

Vomiting Signup and view all the answers

Which age groups experience bimodal peaks of allergic rhinitis?

Early school and early adulthood Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk factor for allergic rhinitis in infants?

Maternal smoking during pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms are commonly associated with allergic rhinitis?

Ocular itching and sneezing Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of adults experience allergic rhinitis?

40-50% Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT commonly associated with allergic rhinitis?

Migraines Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of antihistamines mentioned in the text?

Preventing sneezing and rhinorrhea Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect is associated with the use of Dextromethorphan as mentioned in the text?

Mild tachycardia Signup and view all the answers

How does Ipratropium Bromide act in the body according to the text?

Acts on muscarinic cholinergic receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the consensus regarding the use of intranasal steroids for the common cold?

No beneficial effect Signup and view all the answers

What was the conclusion drawn from the meta-analysis involving Vitamin C and colds?

Vitamin C has no benefit over placebo Signup and view all the answers

What type of allergic rhinitis persists for more than 9 months/year according to the text?

Perennial Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is considered high-risk for influenza?

People aged 65 years and over Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of acute sinusitis?

Viral infections Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a symptom of sinusitis?

Skin rash Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a treatment option for acute sinusitis?

Antibiotics Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method for diagnosing sinusitis?

Nasal Swab for culture Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a risk factor for bacterial sinusitis?

Diabetes Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Leukotriene Pathway Antagonists like Montelukast and Zafirlukast?

Attenuate leukotriene-mediated allergic inflammation Signup and view all the answers

When are Leukotriene Pathway Antagonists typically used in allergic rhinitis?

In combination with intranasal steroids Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect associated with Leukotriene Pathway Antagonists like Montelukast and Zafirlukast?

Churg-Strauss Syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What type of immunotherapy involves gradual desensitization to allergens such as grass and tree pollens?

Sublingual immunotherapy Signup and view all the answers

Which criteria are used for the clinical diagnosis of Acute Tonsillopharyngitis?

Fever, absence of cough, cervical lymphadenopathy, and tonsillar exudates Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended diagnostic approach before starting antibiotic treatment for Acute Tonsillopharyngitis?

Rapid strep test before antibiotic treatment Signup and view all the answers