Management of Upper Respiratory Tract Infections and Allergy

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Questions and Answers

What is the most common cause of work absenteeism in Ireland and the US?

  • Pertussis
  • Coronavirus
  • Influenza
  • Acute Rhinitis (correct)

What is the primary cause of the common cold?

  • Parainfluenza
  • RSV
  • Rhinovirus (correct)
  • Coronavirus

How long do the symptoms of a common cold typically last?

  • 7-10 days
  • 2-3 weeks
  • 3-5 days
  • 1-2 weeks (correct)

Which medication can help reduce nasal discharge and sneezing associated with the common cold?

<p>Ipratropium Bromide nasal spray (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the peak infectivity period for the common cold?

<p>Day 3 of symptoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of the common cold?

<p>Vomiting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age groups experience bimodal peaks of allergic rhinitis?

<p>Early school and early adulthood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk factor for allergic rhinitis in infants?

<p>Maternal smoking during pregnancy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms are commonly associated with allergic rhinitis?

<p>Ocular itching and sneezing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of adults experience allergic rhinitis?

<p>40-50% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT commonly associated with allergic rhinitis?

<p>Migraines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of antihistamines mentioned in the text?

<p>Preventing sneezing and rhinorrhea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect is associated with the use of Dextromethorphan as mentioned in the text?

<p>Mild tachycardia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Ipratropium Bromide act in the body according to the text?

<p>Acts on muscarinic cholinergic receptors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consensus regarding the use of intranasal steroids for the common cold?

<p>No beneficial effect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the conclusion drawn from the meta-analysis involving Vitamin C and colds?

<p>Vitamin C has no benefit over placebo (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of allergic rhinitis persists for more than 9 months/year according to the text?

<p>Perennial (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is considered high-risk for influenza?

<p>People aged 65 years and over (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of acute sinusitis?

<p>Viral infections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a symptom of sinusitis?

<p>Skin rash (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a treatment option for acute sinusitis?

<p>Antibiotics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method for diagnosing sinusitis?

<p>Nasal Swab for culture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a risk factor for bacterial sinusitis?

<p>Diabetes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Leukotriene Pathway Antagonists like Montelukast and Zafirlukast?

<p>Attenuate leukotriene-mediated allergic inflammation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When are Leukotriene Pathway Antagonists typically used in allergic rhinitis?

<p>In combination with intranasal steroids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect associated with Leukotriene Pathway Antagonists like Montelukast and Zafirlukast?

<p>Churg-Strauss Syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of immunotherapy involves gradual desensitization to allergens such as grass and tree pollens?

<p>Sublingual immunotherapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which criteria are used for the clinical diagnosis of Acute Tonsillopharyngitis?

<p>Fever, absence of cough, cervical lymphadenopathy, and tonsillar exudates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended diagnostic approach before starting antibiotic treatment for Acute Tonsillopharyngitis?

<p>Rapid strep test before antibiotic treatment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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