41 Questions
What is the chromosomal location of the asthma gene responsible for atopy?
Short arm of chromosome 11
What is the primary characteristic of orthopnoea?
Difficulty breathing when lying flat
What is a common fungal infection that can be caused by an asthma inhaler?
Oral candidiasis
What is the pathogen responsible for causing influenza?
Orthomyxovirus
What is the term for the symptoms of asthma that worsen in the early morning?
Morning dipping
What is the definition of stridor?
Upper airway noise when inhaling
What is the primary purpose of a spacer in an asthma inhaler?
To reduce the risk of oral candidiasis
What is the primary cause of sinusitis?
Obstructed antral ostia due to mucosal oedema
What is the term for the decreased movement and hyperinflation of the chest seen in asthma patients?
Barrel chest
What is the preferred treatment for an asthma attack in a dental setting?
2 puffs salbutamol with a spacer and O2 15l/min
What is the third feature of asthma?
Inflammation airway changes
What is the name of the condition characterized by coughing up blood?
Haemoptysis
What is the term for shortness of breath?
Dyspnoea
What is the main characteristic of paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea?
Shortness of breath when awakened at night
What is the name of the infection that can cause laryngeal oedema and a hoarse voice?
Laryngo-tracheo-bronchitis
What is the primary cause of rhinitis?
Allergic reaction to pollen
What is the definition of asthma?
A common chronic reversible airway obstruction
What are the two main components of the Orthomyxovirus that causes influenza?
Haemagglutinin and Neuraminidase
Which of the following extrinsic factors is most likely to trigger an asthma attack in a patient with atopic allergy?
House dust mite faeces
What is the primary mechanism underlying bronchial hyper-reactivity in asthma patients?
Increased airway resistance due to bronchoconstriction
Which of the following signs is most indicative of an asthma exacerbation?
Decreased movements and hyperinflation (barrel chest)
What is the primary purpose of lung function tests, such as PEFR tests, in diagnosing asthma?
To detect airway obstruction and hyper-reactivity
Which of the following medications is contraindicated in asthma patients?
NSAIDs
What is the primary reason why asthma patients are advised to rinse their mouth after using an inhaler?
To reduce the risk of oral thrush
What is the characteristic of wheeze?
Expiratory airway noise
What is the cause of rhinitis?
Sneezing and congested nose due to asthma or pollen
What is the primary feature of pharyngitis?
Viral/bacterial sore throat
What is the characteristic of paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea?
Shortness of breath when awakened at night
What is the feature of laryngo-tracheo-bronchitis?
Laryngeal oedema resulting in hoarse voice
What is the characteristic of orthopnoea?
Shortness of breath when lying flat
What is the primary reason for increased mucus production in asthma patients?
Inflammation of the airways
Which of the following is an intrinsic factor of asthma?
Atopy due to the asthma gene
What is the primary effect of bronchial hyper-reactivity on the airways?
Constriction of the bronchial muscles
What is the purpose of a lung function test, such as a PEFR test, in diagnosing asthma?
To assess the degree of airway obstruction
Why are patients with asthma advised to rinse their mouth after using an inhaler?
To reduce the risk of oral candidiasis
What is the primary effect of asthma on the airway?
Inflammation of the airways
What is the primary function of the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) test?
To assess ventilation adequacy and airflow obstruction
What is the result of the damage to the air sacs in the lungs of people with emphysema?
The air sacs become larger
What is the characteristic of bronchiectasis?
A widening of the airways
What is the consequence of the widened airways in bronchiectasis?
An increase in mucus production
What is the common feature of emphysema and bronchiectasis?
Shortness of breath
Test your knowledge of respiratory medicine with this quiz covering dyspnoea, wheeze, stridor, haemoptysis, and upper respiratory tract infections. Learn about the different types of dyspnoea and the characteristics of wheeze, stridor, and haemoptysis. Also, identify the different types of upper respiratory tract infections.
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