Management of Diabetes: Non-Insulin Therapies Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the abbreviation for Hemoglobin A1c?

  • FBG
  • TDD
  • PPG
  • HbA1c (correct)

    • At what age is Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) generally diagnosed?

  • Children, teens, or young adults (correct)
  • 65 years or older
  • Above 45 years of age
  • Between 24-28 weeks of pregnancy

    • Which type of diabetes has a genetic component?

  • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)
  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) (correct)
  • Gestational DM
  • None of the above

    • When is Gestational DM typically diagnosed during pregnancy?

    <p>Between weeks 24-28</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor increases the risk of Gestational DM?

    <p>Age over 25 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should healthcare providers do when considering the medical care of a diabetic patient?

    <p>Consider patient-related factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the BMI threshold for recommending testing in all adults who are overweight?

    <p>BMI &gt;25 kg/m2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as a risk factor that warrants testing for prediabetes?

    <p>Hyperthyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age should testing begin for all patients according to the provided criteria?

    <p>At 35 years of age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cholesterol level is listed as a risk factor for testing in adults who are overweight?

    <p>HDL cholesterol level &gt; 250 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fasting plasma glucose range for diagnosing prediabetes according to the text?

    <p>100-125 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which situation would NOT be indicative of type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis based on the provided criteria?

    <p>&lt;140 mg/dL 2hr postprandial glucose tolerance test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specified interval for repeating testing if prediabetes results are normal?

    <p>&gt;3-year intervals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class decreases A1c by approximately 0.5-1% as monotherapy?

    <p>SGLT2 inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is contraindicated when the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is below a certain level?

    <p>SGLT2 inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these medications would be considered for minimizing hypoglycemia without established ASCVD, CKD, or HF?

    <p>DPP4 inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided in combination according to the text?

    <p>DPP4 inhibitors and GLP1 receptor agonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be followed for annual examination for everyone according to the text?

    <p>A,B,D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often should HbA1c be checked if the levels are not controlled?

    <p>~Q3 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class should be considered for minimizing cost without established ASCVD, CKD, or HF?

    <p>Sulfonylureas (SU)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class would be most suitable for minimizing weight gain or promoting weight loss in patients with Type 2 Diabetes without established ASCVD, CKD, or HF?

    <p>Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When considering the treatment for minimizing hypoglycemia without established ASCVD, CKD, or HF, which medication class should be prioritized alongside metformin and lifestyle modifications?

    <p>Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation would it be appropriate to consider Sulfonylureas (SU) for treatment if the patient is not at the targeted goal?

    <p>After other agents like SGLT2i, DPP4i, or GLP-1 RA have been utilized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class should be cautiously used when minimizing costs in diabetic patients without established ASCVD, CKD, or HF?

    <p>Thiazolidinediones (TZDs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is contraindicated in patients with an estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) below a certain level?

    <p>Canagliflozin (Invokana®)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is suitable for minimizing hypoglycemia in patients without established ASCVD, CKD, or HF if they cannot tolerate other agents?

    <p>Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When trying to minimize weight gain or promote weight loss in diabetic patients without established ASCVD, CKD, or HF, which medication class should be considered if they cannot tolerate the primary agents?

    <p>Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what stage of pregnancy is Gestational DM typically diagnosed?

    <p>Between weeks 24-28</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is associated with minimizing hypoglycemia without established ASCVD, CKD, or HF?

    <p>Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age are individuals generally diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)?

    <p>45 years and above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class decreases A1c by approximately 0.5-1% as monotherapy?

    <p>Thiazolidinediones (TZD’s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main age group where Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is generally diagnosed?

    <p>Children, teens, or young adults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class should be considered for minimizing cost without established ASCVD, CKD, or HF?

    <p>GLP-1 Agonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is Gestational DM typically diagnosed during pregnancy?

    <p>&lt;12 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is known for its autoimmune nature?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What fasting plasma glucose level would be indicative of a Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) diagnosis based on the provided criteria?

    <p>126 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following criteria confirms a diagnosis of prediabetes according to the information provided?

    <p>HbA1c between 5.7-6.4%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is NOT typically recommended for minimizing hypoglycemia without established ASCVD, CKD, or HF?

    <p>INSULIN</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of diabetes, which factor would NOT be considered a risk factor for the testing of prediabetes?

    <p>HDL cholesterol level &gt;250 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What HbA1c level range indicates an impaired glucose metabolism that may lead to prediabetes?

    <p>&gt;5.7% and &lt;6.4%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For individuals who are overweight, what is the BMI threshold that would warrant testing according to the provided guidelines?

    <p>&gt;25 kg/m2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which race/ethnicity group is NOT mentioned in the provided criteria as being at high risk for diabetes and thus potentially requiring testing?

    <p>Caucasian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the earliest age at which patients should begin testing as per the information provided?

    <p>&gt;35 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is most likely to decrease the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with established ASCVD?

    <p>Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is NOT typically used as a first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes (T2DM)?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment?

    <p>Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is best known for its ability to reduce insulin resistance?

    <p>Thiazolidinediones (TZD’s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is typically used to treat type 1 diabetes (T1DM)?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is NOT associated with an increased risk of hypoglycemia?

    <p>SGLT2 inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is most likely to cause weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM)?

    <p>SGLT2 inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is NOT typically used as a first-line therapy for type 1 diabetes (T1DM)?

    <p>SGLT2 inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is indicated for patients with type 2 diabetes and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD)?

    <p>GLP-1 Agonists (Incretin-mimetic)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class should be considered for patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

    <p>SGLT2 inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is contraindicated in patients with type 2 diabetes and a history of bladder cancer?

    <p>SGLT2 inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class should be considered for patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure (HF)?

    <p>SGLT2 inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is known to cause weight gain in patients with type 2 diabetes?

    <p>TZD’s (glitazones)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class should be considered for patients with type 2 diabetes and a high risk of hypoglycemia?

    <p>GLP-1 Agonists (Incretin-mimetic)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is known to cause fluid retention in patients with type 2 diabetes?

    <p>TZD’s (glitazones)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is known to cause gastrointestinal side effects in patients with type 2 diabetes?

    <p>GLP-1 Agonists (Incretin-mimetic)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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