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Questions and Answers
What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by water?
What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by water?
Mountains are formed solely from volcanic activity.
Mountains are formed solely from volcanic activity.
False
Name the four spheres that interact to shape the Earth.
Name the four spheres that interact to shape the Earth.
Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, Biosphere
The ________ is the life zone on our planet that distinguishes it from others in the solar system.
The ________ is the life zone on our planet that distinguishes it from others in the solar system.
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Match the following types of mountains with their formation characteristics:
Match the following types of mountains with their formation characteristics:
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Which of the following is NOT a type of mountain?
Which of the following is NOT a type of mountain?
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The atmosphere is composed mainly of nitrogen, oxygen, and water vapor.
The atmosphere is composed mainly of nitrogen, oxygen, and water vapor.
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What process is called when one tectonic plate is pushed below another?
What process is called when one tectonic plate is pushed below another?
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What type of mountains are formed as a result of compression in the earth's crust?
What type of mountains are formed as a result of compression in the earth's crust?
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Old fold mountains are typically higher in altitude compared to young fold mountains.
Old fold mountains are typically higher in altitude compared to young fold mountains.
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Name one example of a young fold mountain.
Name one example of a young fold mountain.
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The steep edges and almost level surfaces are characteristic of __________ mountains.
The steep edges and almost level surfaces are characteristic of __________ mountains.
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Which type of plateau is formed by the movement of the earth’s crustal plates?
Which type of plateau is formed by the movement of the earth’s crustal plates?
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Match the type of mountain with its correct example:
Match the type of mountain with its correct example:
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Old Fold Mountains are characterized by steep slopes and sharp peaks.
Old Fold Mountains are characterized by steep slopes and sharp peaks.
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Which of the following is a process that leads to the formation of volcanic mountains?
Which of the following is a process that leads to the formation of volcanic mountains?
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What is a plateau sometimes referred to as?
What is a plateau sometimes referred to as?
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The vent is the funnel-shaped depression at the top of a volcanic mountain.
The vent is the funnel-shaped depression at the top of a volcanic mountain.
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The Colorado Plateau is an example of a ________ plateau.
The Colorado Plateau is an example of a ________ plateau.
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What geological phenomenon leads to the formation of block mountains?
What geological phenomenon leads to the formation of block mountains?
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Match the plateau types with their descriptions:
Match the plateau types with their descriptions:
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Which of the following is NOT a type of plateau?
Which of the following is NOT a type of plateau?
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Plains are typically more than 200 meters above sea level.
Plains are typically more than 200 meters above sea level.
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Give one example of an intermontane plateau.
Give one example of an intermontane plateau.
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What are the fertile areas formed by alluvium deposited by rivers called?
What are the fertile areas formed by alluvium deposited by rivers called?
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Erosional plains are formed by the deposition of sediments from mountains.
Erosional plains are formed by the deposition of sediments from mountains.
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Name one type of plain based on its formation.
Name one type of plain based on its formation.
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COASTAL PLAINS are found along the edges of continents adjacent to __________.
COASTAL PLAINS are found along the edges of continents adjacent to __________.
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Match the following types of plains to their descriptions:
Match the following types of plains to their descriptions:
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Which of the following is a characteristic of river valleys?
Which of the following is a characteristic of river valleys?
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Basins are areas in the Earth's crust that are surrounded by mountains and contain rivers that flow to the sea.
Basins are areas in the Earth's crust that are surrounded by mountains and contain rivers that flow to the sea.
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What is a rift valley?
What is a rift valley?
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Which of the following is NOT a benefit provided by rivers?
Which of the following is NOT a benefit provided by rivers?
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Water pollution only affects oceans and not rivers or lakes.
Water pollution only affects oceans and not rivers or lakes.
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What are two common causes of water pollution?
What are two common causes of water pollution?
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Liquid waste from ________ power plants is a significant cause of water pollution.
Liquid waste from ________ power plants is a significant cause of water pollution.
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Match the following causes of water pollution with their descriptions:
Match the following causes of water pollution with their descriptions:
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Which landform is described as a body of land surrounded by water?
Which landform is described as a body of land surrounded by water?
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Old Fold Mountains have sharp peaks and steep slopes.
Old Fold Mountains have sharp peaks and steep slopes.
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What process accounts for the formation of Block Mountains?
What process accounts for the formation of Block Mountains?
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A __________ is a narrow strip of land connecting two larger land masses.
A __________ is a narrow strip of land connecting two larger land masses.
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Match the following types of landforms with their characteristics:
Match the following types of landforms with their characteristics:
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What is one economic advantage of plateaus?
What is one economic advantage of plateaus?
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Hydro-electricity can only be generated in flat terrains.
Hydro-electricity can only be generated in flat terrains.
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Explain how the Grand Canyon was formed.
Explain how the Grand Canyon was formed.
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Study Notes
Major Landforms of the Earth
- Earth's landforms and water bodies significantly impact societies and lifestyles.
- Landforms consist of mountains, valleys, plains, plateaus, and basins.
- Water bodies include seas, gulfs, bays, straits, lakes, and rivers.
- The lithosphere/geosphere is the solid surface of the Earth.
- The hydrosphere encompasses all water on Earth.
- The atmosphere is a gaseous layer enveloping Earth, primarily nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.
- The biosphere contains all life on Earth.
Types of Mountains
- Mountains are elevated areas of Earth's crust.
- Fold mountains form when tectonic plates collide, pushing upwards.
- Older fold mountains have gentle slopes and low altitudes.
- Young fold mountains are rugged and lofty, formed more recently.
- Volcanic mountains are produced from molten lava, ash, and dust.
- Block mountains originate from the fracturing of rock strata.
Types of Plateaus
- Plateaus are elevated, flat, and level land areas.
- Tectonic plateaus result from Earth's crustal movement.
- Volcanic plateaus are formed by successive lava flows.
- Dissected plateaus show signs of erosion via canyons, gorges, or valleys.
- Intermontane plateaus lie between mountain ranges.
- Piedmont plateaus are located between mountains and plains or oceans.
Types of Plains
- Plains are vast, nearly level land areas below 200 meters above sea level.
- Structural plains are formed by the upliftment or seafloor or continental shelf.
- Erosional plains arise from the gradual erosion of mountains, hills, and plateaus.
- Depositional plains accumulate sediment from natural agents like ice, wind, and water.
- Coastal plains border seas or oceans.
Basins
- Basins are depressed areas surrounded by higher land.
- Many basins are found near plateau edges.
- Rivers in basins flow inland and don't reach the sea.
- Examples include the Tarim, Tsaidam Basins of Asia, and Chad Basin of Africa.
Valleys
- Valleys are low-lying land areas separating hills or mountains.
- Valleys are often formed by external forces like rivers, exogenous process.
- Rift valleys are created where land between faults subsides.
- River valleys usually have V-shapes.
Islands, Peninsulas, and Isthmuses
- Islands are land areas completely surrounded by water.
- Peninsulas project into water, are connected to the mainland.
- Isthmuses are narrow strips connecting land masses.
Major Water Bodies
- Water covers 71% of Earth's surface.
- Oceans are large bodies of water.
- Five major oceans exist.
- Gulfs, Bays, Straits, Lakes, and Rivers are smaller water bodies.
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Description
Explore the various landforms and water bodies that shape our planet's surface. This quiz covers mountains, valleys, plains, plateaus, and more, along with their geological formations and impacts on society. Test your knowledge about Earth's lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.
