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Questions and Answers
What was the main purpose of the Rowlatt Act passed in 1919?
What was the main purpose of the Rowlatt Act passed in 1919?
- To enhance the economic status of India
- To facilitate trade with other countries
- To promote civil rights for Indians
- To give the government powers to suppress political activities (correct)
Mahatma Gandhi supported the Rowlatt Act during its implementation.
Mahatma Gandhi supported the Rowlatt Act during its implementation.
False (B)
What was the date set by Gandhi for the nationwide hartal against the Rowlatt Act?
What was the date set by Gandhi for the nationwide hartal against the Rowlatt Act?
6 April
The _____________________ incident occurred on 13 April 1919, where a large crowd was fired upon by the police.
The _____________________ incident occurred on 13 April 1919, where a large crowd was fired upon by the police.
Match the following figures to their roles during the protests against the Rowlatt Act:
Match the following figures to their roles during the protests against the Rowlatt Act:
What form of protest did Gandhi advocate against the Rowlatt Act?
What form of protest did Gandhi advocate against the Rowlatt Act?
The British administration was not concerned about the protests and unrest in India at the time.
The British administration was not concerned about the protests and unrest in India at the time.
What action did workers in railway workshops take as a form of protest?
What action did workers in railway workshops take as a form of protest?
What was the primary reason for Gandhiji's disappointment after returning from London in December 1931?
What was the primary reason for Gandhiji's disappointment after returning from London in December 1931?
The Congress was declared illegal before Gandhiji relaunched the Civil Disobedience Movement.
The Congress was declared illegal before Gandhiji relaunched the Civil Disobedience Movement.
In what year was the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA) founded?
In what year was the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA) founded?
Bhagat Singh, Jatin Das, and Ajoy Ghosh were leaders of the ______.
Bhagat Singh, Jatin Das, and Ajoy Ghosh were leaders of the ______.
What action did Bhagat Singh and Batukeswar Dutta take in April 1929?
What action did Bhagat Singh and Batukeswar Dutta take in April 1929?
The HSRA believed that armed resistance was necessary to achieve independence from British rule.
The HSRA believed that armed resistance was necessary to achieve independence from British rule.
Mahatma Gandhi relaunched the Civil Disobedience Movement due to a cycle of ______ by the government.
Mahatma Gandhi relaunched the Civil Disobedience Movement due to a cycle of ______ by the government.
Match the following leaders with their respective movements or actions:
Match the following leaders with their respective movements or actions:
What was Bhagat Singh's age when he was tried and executed by the colonial government?
What was Bhagat Singh's age when he was tried and executed by the colonial government?
The poorer peasantry were only interested in the lowering of the revenue demand.
The poorer peasantry were only interested in the lowering of the revenue demand.
What was the main reason behind the rich peasants' participation in the Civil Disobedience Movement?
What was the main reason behind the rich peasants' participation in the Civil Disobedience Movement?
According to Bhagat Singh, "_____________________ is the inalienable right of mankind."
According to Bhagat Singh, "_____________________ is the inalienable right of mankind."
Which of the following social groups actively participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement?
Which of the following social groups actively participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement?
Match the following social groups with their primary interests in the Civil Disobedience Movement:
Match the following social groups with their primary interests in the Civil Disobedience Movement:
The Civil Disobedience Movement was successfully concluded in 1931 without any revisions to the revenue rates.
The Civil Disobedience Movement was successfully concluded in 1931 without any revisions to the revenue rates.
What was the slogan raised by Bhagat Singh during his trial?
What was the slogan raised by Bhagat Singh during his trial?
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Study Notes
The Rowlatt Act was a controversial 1919 law giving the British Indian government broad powers to suppress political activities and detain individuals without trial. Mahatma Gandhi launched a nationwide protest against the law.The Act was passed despite the united opposition of Indian members in the Imperial Legislative Council.
- Gandhi wanted non-violent civil disobedience against the unjust law, starting with a hartal on 6 April.
Protests and Repression
- Rallies were organized in various cities, workers went on strike in railway workshops, and shops closed down.
- The British administration responded by clamping down on nationalists, picking up local leaders from Amritsar, and barring Gandhi from entering Delhi.
- On 10 April, the police in Amritsar fired upon a peaceful procession, leading to widespread attacks on banks, post offices, and railway stations.
- Martial law was imposed, and General Dyer took command, culminating in the infamous Jallianwalla Bagh incident on 13 April.
Social Groups in the Civil Disobedience Movement
- Rich peasant communities, such as the Patidars of Gujarat and the Jats of Uttar Pradesh, participated in the movement due to the trade depression and falling prices that affected their cash income.
- They became enthusiastic supporters of the movement, organizing their communities and forcing reluctant members to participate in boycott programs.
- For them, the fight for swaraj was a struggle against high revenues.
Bhagat Singh and the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army
- Bhagat Singh was executed by the colonial government at the age of 23.
- During his trial, Singh stated that he did not want to glorify the cult of violence, but rather wanted a revolution in society.
- He believed that revolution was the inalienable right of mankind and that freedom was the imprescriptible birthright of all.
- The Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA) was founded in 1928, with leaders including Bhagat Singh, Jatin Das, and Ajoy Ghosh.
- The HSRA targeted symbols of British power in a series of dramatic actions across India.
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