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Questions and Answers
Biological macromolecule A large, organic molecule such as ______, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
carbohydrates
Monomer A molecule that is a building block for larger molecules ______.
polymers
Polymer A large molecule made of repeating subunits ______.
monomers
Biomolecules: Carbohydrates 1. Chemical formula: (CH 2 O)n, where n= some integer (3 or greater). Examples: o C 3 H 6 O 3 - three carbons, ______ sugar o C 6 H 12 O 6 - six carbons, ______ sugar
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Monomers = sugars , also called saccharides: ______ , disaccharides , trisaccharides , etc. Beyond 5 or so, called = polysaccharides (often contain 1000's of sugar units)
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Study Notes
Biological Macromolecules
- Large organic molecules essential for life, categorized into four main types: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
- Building blocks of macromolecules include monomers and polymers.
Monomers and Polymers
- Monomers are single molecules that serve as the fundamental building blocks for larger structures.
- Amino acids are key monomers for proteins.
- Polymers consist of long chains formed by repeating monomer units, such as carbohydrates, which are made of repeating monosaccharides.
Carbohydrates
- Chemical formula follows the pattern (CH₂O)n, where n is an integer of 3 or more.
- Types of carbohydrates:
- Triose sugar: C₃H₆O₃ (three carbon atoms)
- Hexose sugar: C₆H₁₂O₆ (six carbon atoms)
- Monomers known as sugars or saccharides, categorized as:
- Monosaccharides (single sugar units)
- Disaccharides (two sugar units)
- Trisaccharides (three sugar units)
- Polysaccharides (more than five units, often containing thousands of sugar units)
- Common carbohydrate names typically end with the suffix "-ose" (e.g. sucrose, glucose, fructose, ribose).
- Distinctive structural feature: Each carbon atom in carbohydrates is associated with hydrogen and hydroxyl groups, exemplified by the formula H-C-OH for each carbon atom.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the macromolecules of life with this quiz! Learn the meanings of terms like biological macromolecule, monomer, and polymer. Challenge yourself to identify the building blocks and larger structures of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
