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Biological macromolecule A large, organic molecule such as ______, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Biological macromolecule A large, organic molecule such as ______, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
carbohydrates
Monomer A molecule that is a building block for larger molecules ______.
Monomer A molecule that is a building block for larger molecules ______.
polymers
Polymer A large molecule made of repeating subunits ______.
Polymer A large molecule made of repeating subunits ______.
monomers
Biomolecules: Carbohydrates 1. Chemical formula: (CH 2 O)n, where n= some integer (3 or greater). Examples: o C 3 H 6 O 3 - three carbons, ______ sugar o C 6 H 12 O 6 - six carbons, ______ sugar
Biomolecules: Carbohydrates 1. Chemical formula: (CH 2 O)n, where n= some integer (3 or greater). Examples: o C 3 H 6 O 3 - three carbons, ______ sugar o C 6 H 12 O 6 - six carbons, ______ sugar
Monomers = sugars , also called saccharides: ______ , disaccharides , trisaccharides , etc. Beyond 5 or so, called = polysaccharides (often contain 1000's of sugar units)
Monomers = sugars , also called saccharides: ______ , disaccharides , trisaccharides , etc. Beyond 5 or so, called = polysaccharides (often contain 1000's of sugar units)
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Study Notes
Biological Macromolecules
- Large organic molecules essential for life, categorized into four main types: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
- Building blocks of macromolecules include monomers and polymers.
Monomers and Polymers
- Monomers are single molecules that serve as the fundamental building blocks for larger structures.
- Amino acids are key monomers for proteins.
- Polymers consist of long chains formed by repeating monomer units, such as carbohydrates, which are made of repeating monosaccharides.
Carbohydrates
- Chemical formula follows the pattern (CH₂O)n, where n is an integer of 3 or more.
- Types of carbohydrates:
- Triose sugar: C₃H₆O₃ (three carbon atoms)
- Hexose sugar: C₆H₁₂O₆ (six carbon atoms)
- Monomers known as sugars or saccharides, categorized as:
- Monosaccharides (single sugar units)
- Disaccharides (two sugar units)
- Trisaccharides (three sugar units)
- Polysaccharides (more than five units, often containing thousands of sugar units)
- Common carbohydrate names typically end with the suffix "-ose" (e.g. sucrose, glucose, fructose, ribose).
- Distinctive structural feature: Each carbon atom in carbohydrates is associated with hydrogen and hydroxyl groups, exemplified by the formula H-C-OH for each carbon atom.
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