Lower Limb Muscles Quiz

Study Notes

Hip Muscles:
- Ilio-Psoas: Originates from the lumbar region, inserts into the femur, and functions in hip flexion.
- Gluteus Medius: Originates from the ilium, inserts into the femur, and functions as a hip abductor.
- Gluteus Minimus: Originates from the ilium, inserts into the femur, and functions as a hip abductor.
- Tensor Fascia Latae: Originates from the ilium, inserts into the femur, and helps stabilize the pelvis.
- Gluteus Maximus: Originates from the ilium and sacrum, inserts into the femur, and its function is hip extension.
- Adductors: Originate from the pubis, insert into the femur, and function in adduction and flexion of the thigh.

Quadriceps: Composed of four muscles (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius), originating from the pelvis and femur. They insert into the patella and tibia, extending the knee. Function in extending the knee joint and slightly flexing the hip
- The rectus femoris also acts on hip flexion
Hamstrings: Composed of the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus, originating from the ischium and the pelvis. They insert into the tibia and fibula. These assist in knee flexion and hip extension.
Sartorius: Originates from the ilium, inserting into the tibia. This muscle functions in hip flexion, adduction and external rotation of the leg.

Gastrocnemius: Originates from the femur, inserts into the calcaneus via the Achilles tendon. It functions in plantar flexion of the foot.
Soleus: Originates from the tibia and fibula, inserting into the calcaneus via the Achilles tendon. This is involved in plantar flexion of the foot.

Tibialis Anterior: Originates from the tibia, inserts into the metatarsals, and function in dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot.
Soleus: Originates from the tibia and fibula, inserts into the calcaneus via the Achilles tendon. It functions in plantar flexion of the foot.

Intrinsic Muscles: This refers to the muscles located within the foot, which include many tiny muscles responsible for intricate movements of the toes and ankles.

Abdominals: Composed of several muscles (transverse abdominis, rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, quadratus lumborum). They aid in core stability, respiration and bending the spine.