Questions and Answers
What are the main functions of the lower limb?
Support, carry weight of the body, locomotion.
Which joints subdivide the lower limb into regions?
The major bones found in the lower limb include the hip bone, femur, patella, tibia, and _____
fibula
The patella is classified as a flat bone.
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The big toe (hallux) only has _____ phalanges.
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What is the significance of the iliac crest in medical procedures?
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The ischial tuberosity is located in the upper part of the buttock.
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Match the bone to its description:
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What are the main functions of the lower limb?
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Which of the following are regions of the lower limb? (Select all that apply)
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How many joints subdivide the lower limb?
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Match the following bones of the lower limb with their description:
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The big toe, also known as the ______, has only 2 phalanges.
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The femur is also known as the knee bone.
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Which bones articulate with the tarsals? (Select all that apply)
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What shape is the line of fusion of bones within the acetabulum?
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Study Notes
Aims & Objectives
- Understand the basic functions of the lower limb: support, weight-bearing, and locomotion.
- Familiarize with different regions of the lower limb and their corresponding bones.
- Identify major joints: hip, knee, and ankle.
- Study various bones and their important landmarks for surface marking.
Organization of Lower Limb
- Divided into four regions, identified by three main joints:
- Gluteal (buttock)
- Thigh
- Leg
- Foot
Major Joints of the Lower Limb
- Hip Joint
- Knee Joint
- Ankle Joint
Bones of the Lower Limb
- Hip Bone (1)
- Femur (1)
- Patella (1) - also known as kneecap, classified as a sesamoid bone.
- Tibia (1) - thick, medial bone supporting most body weight.
- Fibula (1) - lateral bone alongside the tibia.
- Tarsals (7) - connects to meet the metatarsals.
- Metatarsals (5) - articulate with the toes.
- Phalanges:
- Proximal (5)
- Intermediate (4)
- Distal (5)
- The big toe, or hallux, has only 2 phalanges.
- Two sesamoid bones found in the tendon of the muscle to the big toe.
Bones of the Gluteal Region & Thigh
-
Hip Bone Anatomy:
- Composed of Il ilium, Pubis, and Ischium.
- Acetabulum - the socket for the femur.
-
Sacroiliac Joint
-
Pubic Symphysis
Ilium Anatomy
- Iliac Tubercle, Iliac Crest, Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS), and Posterior Superior Iliac Spine notable structures.
- Iliac Crest is the highest point, located at the L4 vertebra level.
- Iliac Tubercle helps locate significant anatomy for procedures like lumbar puncture.
Ischium and Pubis
- Ischial Tuberosity found in the lower buttock, relevant in sitting position.
-
Pubic Bone:
- Clinically important for diagnosing hernias.
- Inguinal hernia is located above the pubic tubercle, while femoral hernia is below it.
Acetabulum
- Articular part organized by a 'Y' shaped line, formed by three fused bones.
Femur Anatomy
- The femur is smooth, except for the linea aspera on the posterior surface.
- Notable parts include the Head, Greater Trochanter, Intertrochanteric Line, and Lesser Trochanter.
Aims & Objectives
- Understand the basic functions of the lower limb: support, weight-bearing, and locomotion.
- Familiarize with different regions of the lower limb and their corresponding bones.
- Identify major joints: hip, knee, and ankle.
- Study various bones and their important landmarks for surface marking.
Organization of Lower Limb
- Divided into four regions, identified by three main joints:
- Gluteal (buttock)
- Thigh
- Leg
- Foot
Major Joints of the Lower Limb
- Hip Joint
- Knee Joint
- Ankle Joint
Bones of the Lower Limb
- Hip Bone (1)
- Femur (1)
- Patella (1) - also known as kneecap, classified as a sesamoid bone.
- Tibia (1) - thick, medial bone supporting most body weight.
- Fibula (1) - lateral bone alongside the tibia.
- Tarsals (7) - connects to meet the metatarsals.
- Metatarsals (5) - articulate with the toes.
- Phalanges:
- Proximal (5)
- Intermediate (4)
- Distal (5)
- The big toe, or hallux, has only 2 phalanges.
- Two sesamoid bones found in the tendon of the muscle to the big toe.
Bones of the Gluteal Region & Thigh
-
Hip Bone Anatomy:
- Composed of Il ilium, Pubis, and Ischium.
- Acetabulum - the socket for the femur.
-
Sacroiliac Joint
-
Pubic Symphysis
Ilium Anatomy
- Iliac Tubercle, Iliac Crest, Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS), and Posterior Superior Iliac Spine notable structures.
- Iliac Crest is the highest point, located at the L4 vertebra level.
- Iliac Tubercle helps locate significant anatomy for procedures like lumbar puncture.
Ischium and Pubis
- Ischial Tuberosity found in the lower buttock, relevant in sitting position.
-
Pubic Bone:
- Clinically important for diagnosing hernias.
- Inguinal hernia is located above the pubic tubercle, while femoral hernia is below it.
Acetabulum
- Articular part organized by a 'Y' shaped line, formed by three fused bones.
Femur Anatomy
- The femur is smooth, except for the linea aspera on the posterior surface.
- Notable parts include the Head, Greater Trochanter, Intertrochanteric Line, and Lesser Trochanter.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential functions and anatomy of the lower limb, including its four regions and major joints such as the hip, knee, and ankle. Participants will identify various bones and their landmarks while understanding their roles in support and locomotion.
