Local Anesthetics Quiz

Cocaine, Lignocaine

Benzocaine, Oxethazaine

Ester LAs have shorter duration, less intense analgesia, and higher hypersensitivity risk. Amide LAs have longer duration, more intense analgesia, and lower hypersensitivity risk.

<p>Local anesthetics block action potential generation by blocking sodium channels. They interact with a receptor within the voltage sensitive Na channel and raise the threshold of channel opening.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CNS effects (agitation, confusion, tremors, convulsions, respiratory depression), cardiovascular effects (myocardial depression, vasodilatation, fall in BP), allergic reactions, and hypersensitivity reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lidocaine, Bupivacaine, Mepivacaine, Prilocaine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vasoconstrictors decrease the rate of vascular absorption, allowing more anesthetic to reach the nerve membrane, improving the depth of anesthesia, increasing duration of action, and decreasing systemic toxicity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1:200,000 epinephrine is the best vasoconstrictor, which appears to improve the depth of anesthesia and increase the duration of action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The properties of ideal local anesthetics include low systemic toxicity, quick onset of action, sufficient duration of action for the surgical procedure, solubility in water and stability in solution, and completely reversible effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Local anesthesia interrupts pain impulses in a specific region of the body without causing a loss of consciousness. It is normally completely reversible and does not have a residual effect on the nerve fiber. This is advantageous over general anesthesia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two main types of local anesthesia mentioned are local infiltration and topical anesthesia. Local infiltration involves direct injection into tissues to reach nerve branches, while topical anesthesia is applied to the nose and mouth and is not as effective for skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Local anesthetics can be classified into ester linked LA (-COO) and amide linked LA (-NHC-). Examples of ester linked LA include cocaine, procaine, tetracaine, and benzocaine, while examples of amide linked LA include lignocaine, bupivacaine, articaine, ropivacaine, mepivacaine, and etidocaine.</p> Signup and view all the answers