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Questions and Answers
Which part of the liver is adjacent to the diaphragm and is mainly covered with peritoneum?
What is the term for the edge formed on the posterior side of the liver?
Which structure divides the liver into 4 lobes when viewed from the visceral surface?
What is the term for the face of the liver that faces the abdominal organs?
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Which organ is adjacent to the facies visceralis of the liver?
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What is the name of the edge formed on the anterior side of the liver?
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Which structure is present in the middle of the visceral surface of the liver and forms an 'H' shape?
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Which groove divides the liver into lobus hepatis dexter and sinister when viewed from its visceral side?
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What is the area without peritoneum that is found on the facies diaphragmatica?
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Which part of the liver is adjacent to folds of the large intestine, right kidney, and stomach?
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Study Notes
Liver Structure and Function
- The liver is divided into lobes, segments, and lobules by a capsule that sends extensions towards the inside of the liver around the vessels.
- The smallest functional unit of the liver is called the lobulus hepatis.
- Each lobule has a vena centralis, which unites to form vena hepatica and eventually opens into the inferior vena cava.
Functions of the Liver
- The liver is both an exocrine and an endocrine gland.
- It stores vitamins A, B, and heparin produced by mast cells.
- It participates in lipid production and releases urea by separating nitrogen from amino acids.
- It removes harmful substances, bilirubin, and drugs from the body.
Gallbladder Structure and Function
- The gallbladder is located in the fossa vesicae biliaris, just to the right of the lobus quadratus on the visceral surface of the liver.
- It is pear-shaped and can store an average of 50 ml of bile.
- It provides the storage and concentration of bile secreted from the liver.
Liver Ligaments and Relationship with Peritoneum
- Most of the liver is covered by the peritoneum, except for the area nuda, fossa vesicae biliaris, sulcus venae cavae, fissura ligamenti teretis, fissura ligamenti venosi, and porta hepatis.
- The liver is attached to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragmatic surface by ligaments.
- Lig.falciforme hepatis separates the two lobes from each other.
Liver Faces and Edges
- The liver has two faces: facies diaphragmatica and facies visceralis.
- The facies diaphragmatica is large and mostly covered with peritoneum, except for the area nuda.
- The facies visceralis faces the abdominal organs and has a middle arch of the 'H' shape.
- The edge formed on the posterior side is called the margo posterior, and the edge formed on the anterior side is called the margo inferior.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the anatomy and functions of the liver. Learn about how the liver is divided into lobes, segments, and lobules, as well as its role as both an exocrine and endocrine gland.
