Liver Anatomy: Lobules and Portal Triad
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Questions and Answers

What is the shape of each anatomical lobule in the liver?

  • Hexagonal (correct)
  • Triangular
  • Oval
  • Circular

What is the function of the bile duct in the portal triad?

  • To drain bile from the liver (correct)
  • To transmit nerve signals
  • To deliver oxygenated blood to the liver
  • To carry lymphatic vessels

Which ducts combine to form the common hepatic duct?

  • Left and right hepatic ducts (correct)
  • Main pancreatic duct and common hepatic duct
  • Common bile duct and cystic duct
  • Intralobular ducts and collecting ducts

Where does the common bile duct empty into?

<p>Duodenum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the gallbladder in the biliary tree?

<p>To store and release bile (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure formed by the union of the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct?

<p>Hepatopancreatic ampulla (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the level at which the median sacral artery arises?

<p>L4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common site for aneurysmal changes?

<p>Abdominal aorta (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symptom may a patient with an aortic arch aneurysm experience?

<p>Hoarse voice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the major vessel in the systemic venous system?

<p>Inferior vena cava (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common convergence of venous drainage from all structures below the diaphragm?

<p>Inferior vena cava (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of leaving a large aneurysm untreated?

<p>It may rupture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What regulates the papilla?

<p>Sphincter of Oddi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies blood to the gallbladder?

<p>Cystic artery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the venous drainage of the neck of the gallbladder flow into?

<p>Cystic veins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the portal system?

<p>To carry venous blood to the liver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the point of convergence for the venous drainage of several organs?

<p>Portal vein (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the portal vein divide before entering the liver?

<p>Into two branches (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What forms as an accompanying vein for each branch of the superior mesenteric artery?

<p>Tributaries of the portal venous system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a connection between the veins of the portal venous system and the veins of the systemic venous system?

<p>Porto-systemic anastomosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major site of anastomosis between the oesophageal branch of the left gastric vein and the oesophageal tributaries to the azygous system?

<p>Oesophageal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of portal hypertension?

<p>A portal venous pressure of more than 20mmHg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of rupture of oesophageal or rectal varices?

<p>Fatal blood loss (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of redirection of blood through porto-systemic anastomoses in portal hypertension?

<p>Obstruction of blood flow through the portal system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the peak of a renal pyramid?

<p>Renal papilla (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that urine passes through before entering the ureter?

<p>Renal pelvis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do the renal arteries originate from?

<p>Abdominal aorta (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of blood supply carried by the posterior division of the renal artery?

<p>25% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many segmental arteries originate from the divisions of the renal artery?

<p>5 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the deep fissure on the medial margin of each kidney?

<p>Renal hilum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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