Lipid Chemistry Lecture 1: Simple Lipids

<p>Fatty acids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Compound lipids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simple and compound lipids through hydrolysis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They serve as structural components in membranes and mitochondria. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lipids in subcutaneous tissues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myricyl alcohol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ester and water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To form ester bonds with fatty acids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Triglycerides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fatty alcohol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contain a carboxyl group. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Triglyceride (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fatty acids and galactose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contain proteins integrated within lipid structures. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is water-miscible due to having three OH groups. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It serves as a vasodilator. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monoacylglycerol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carboxyl group (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is toxic. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As a precursor for nitroglycerin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presence of double bonds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Three fatty acids and one glycerol molecule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acetic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glaucoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Short chain has 5 to 8 carbons. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Saturated fatty acids contain no double bonds. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They always have more than one double bond. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linolenic acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Short-chain fatty acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arachidonic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contain only one double bond. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Butyric acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>18 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oleic acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linolenic acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stearic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Double bond (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Palmitoleic acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linoleic acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stearic acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lipids are compounds that are not water-soluble but dissolve in non-polar solvents.

Lipids provide more energy per gram than carbs or proteins, storing energy in adipose tissue.

Lipids are important for carrying fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K).

Lipids form cell membranes and are parts of mitochondria.

Lipids act as insulation, protecting organs and nerves.

Simple lipids are formed from fatty acids and fatty alcohols.

Compound lipids combine lipid parts with non-lipid components.

Derived lipids are made from simple and compound lipids, usually by breaking them down.

Fatty acids and glycerol are crucial components in many key lipid types.

The bond formed between a fatty acid and an alcohol in a simple lipid.

A type of simple lipid, formed from glycerol and three fatty acids.

Long chains of carbon atoms with a carboxyl group at one end.

A polyhydric alcohol with three hydroxyl groups.

The products formed when a simple lipid is broken down by adding water (hydrolysis).

The chemical breakdown of a substance by reacting it with water.

The long hydrocarbon structure of a fatty acid.

The group -COOH found at the end of a fatty acid.

An alcohol with more than one hydroxyl group.

Fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms.

Fatty acids with at least one double bond between carbon atoms.

Fatty acids with one double bond between carbon atoms.

Fatty acids with more than one double bond between carbon atoms.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids that cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from the diet.

A 20-carbon polyunsaturated essential fatty acid with four double bonds.

A glyceride with one fatty acid attached to glycerol.

A chain of carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms and a carboxyl group at one end.

Fatty acid chains with fewer than 10 carbon atoms.

Fatty acid chains with more than 10 carbon atoms.

A monounsaturated fatty acid with 16 carbon atoms and one double bond. It is found in animal fats and vegetable oils.

A short-chain saturated fatty acid with 4 carbon atoms. It is a component of butter and is produced by the bacteria in the gut.

A saturated fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms. It is found in animal fats and vegetable oils. It is solid at room temperature.

An essential polyunsaturated fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms and two double bonds. It is found in vegetable oils.

An essential polyunsaturated fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms and three double bonds. It is found in vegetable oils.

Most abundant unsaturated fatty acid found in nature. It has 18 carbon atoms and one double bond.

Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fatty acids have at least one double bond. Saturated fats tend to be solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are typically liquid.

The number of carbon atoms in a fatty acid chain influences its properties like melting point and fluidity.

The position of the double bonds in an unsaturated fatty acid influences its shape and reactivity.

Fatty acids are an essential part of lipids, which play various roles in the body including energy storage, cell membrane structure, insulation, and vitamin transport.